Potato seed-metering monitoring and improved miss-seeding catching-up compensation control system using spatial capacitance sensor
Keywords:
potato planter, seed-metering monitoring, miss-seeding, spatial capacitance sensor, maximum net capacitance fluctuation, improved catching-up compensationAbstract
The congenital yield reduction caused by miss-seeding in spoon-type seed-metering device of small and medium-sized potato planter is huge. Based on the physical mechanism of different measured capacitance values between two fixed capacitor plates with different media, a miss-seeding detection scheme based on a spatial capacitance sensor is proposed first. A simple and efficient spatial capacitance sensor that can obtain as large capacitance measurement value as possible is designed, and a dual CPU coordinated seed-monitoring and compensation control system architecture is adopted. AD7745 is selected for the capacitance measure of the spatial capacitance sensor, and the code of grating encoder is also recorded at the same time. Thereby, when each potato spoon passing through the space surrounded by the capacitor plates, the maximum net capacitance fluctuation and its corresponding position can be acquired. A suitable threshold can distinguish between normal-seeding and miss-seeding effectively. Moreover, it should be emphasized that, this monitoring system only requires one monitoring point. Then, based on obtained information, an improved miss-seeding catching-up compensation plan is put forward. By utilizing the powerful memory capability of the CPU, this system does not need to complete compensation immediately after the miss-seeding identification. Instead, the miss-seeding information and the location of the accident can be just marked in advance, and only when the opportunity arrives, can the miss-seeding catching-up compensation be truly executed. In this way, the position of the seed-monitoring points can be free from restriction, and the control strategy can therefore be significantly simplified. The soil tank test data showed that, the identification accuracy of the miss-seeding detection system was not less than 94%. When the seed-metering chain speeds are 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 m/s, the average success rates of the miss-seeding compensation system are 94.32%, 83.65%, and 75.00%, respectively. The final miss-seeding rate can be below 3%, and the average deviation compensation rate was not higher than 30%, the miss-seeding was suppressed significantly. This system is a beneficial try in the non-photoelectric detection field and low complexity miss-seeding compensation for potato seeding. Key words: potato planter; seed-metering monitoring; miss-seeding; spatial capacitance sensor; maximum net capacitance fluctuation; improved catching-up compensation DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20241704.8475 Citation: Wang G P, Yang X P, Sun W, Liu Y, Wang C J, Zhang H, et al. Potato seed-metering monitoring and improved miss-seeding catching-up compensation control system using spatial capacitance sensor. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2024; 17(4): 255–264.References
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[21] Zhang H, Zhao W Y, Sun W, Wang G P, Liu X L, Feng B, et al. Potato planter test bed based on capacitive precision seed-monitoring and miss-seeding compensation system. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2022; 15(6): 104–112.
[2] Dai F, Song X F, Zhao W Y, Shi R J, Zhang F W, Zhang X K. Mechanism analysis and performance improvement of mechanized ridge forming of whole plastic film mulched double ridges. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(5): 107–116.
[3] Sun W, Simionescu P A. Parameter analysis and field tests of a double crank multi-rod under plastic-film hill-drop mechanism potato planter. American Journal of Potato Research, 2020; 97: 256–264.
[4] Zhu L Y. Design and test of 2CM-2 potato ridging-filming-sowing machine. Master dissertation. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2017; 67 p. (in Chinese)
[5] Li D, Sun W, Shi L R, Zhang H, Liu X L, Wu J M. Parameter simulation design and experiment of crossing device of covering soil on film. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2018; 36(1): 281–287. (in Chinese)
[6] Aboegela M A, EI-Ghobashy H M, Shaban Y A. Development a single row potato planter for small holdings. Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 2021; 12(3): 137–143.
[7] Sun W, Liu X L, Zhang H, Wang H C, Tian B. Design of potato casingsoil planter in all-in-one machine combined with fertilizing, sowing, ridging, complete film mulching and planting line covering. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017; 33(20): 14–22. (in Chinese)
[8] Li P, Feng W, Zhang X F, Zhong W R, Wang P, Cui J B. Study on missed sowing monitoring and reseeding system design of potato planter. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2023; 45(12): 81–88. (in Chinese)
[9] Suomi P, Oksanen T. Automatic working depth control for seed drill using ISO11783 remote control messages. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2015; 116: 30–35.
[10] Wang S, Sun Y H, Yang C, Yu Y C. Advanced design and tests of a new electrical control seeding system with genetic algorithm fuzzy control strategy. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, 2021; 21(3): 703–712.
[11] Mhango J K, Harris E W, Green R, Monaghan J M. Mapping potato plant density variation using aerial imagery and deep learning techniques for precision agriculture. Remote Sensing, 2021; 13(14): 2705.
[12] Zhang X D, Wu J M, Sun W, Wang D. Design of automatic compensation system for potato planter. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2013; 48(1): 145–149,155. (in Chinese)
[13] Liu Q W, Wu J M, Wang D, Sun W, Wang G P, Shi L R, et al. Design and test of a microcomputer-controlled loss sowing compensation system for 2CM-2 potato seeder. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2013; 31(3): 260–266. (in Chinese)
[14] Sun W, Wang G P, Wu J M. Design and experiment on loss sowing testing and compensation system of spoon-chain potato metering device. Transactions of the CSAE, 2016; 32(11): 8–15. (in Chinese)
[15] Wang G P, Sun W. Development of a kind of potato loss sowing detection and compensation device. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2016; 37(5): 1008–1014. (in Chinese)
[16] Wang G P, Sun W, Chen L D, Zhang H, Liu X L, Li H L, et al. Realization of an integrated seeding and compensating potato planter based on one-way clutch. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(3): 79–87.
[17] Wang G P, Sun W, Zhang H, Liu X L, Li H L, Yang X P, et al. Research on a kind of seeding-monitoring and compensating control system for potato planter without additional seed-metering channel. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2020; 177: 105681.
[18] Zhou L M, Zhang X C, Yuan Y W. Design of capacitance seed rate sensor of wheat planter. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010; 26(10): 99–103. (in Chinese)
[19] Zhou L M, Wang S M, Zhang X C, Yuan Y W, Zhang J N. Seed monitoring system for corn planter based on capacitance signal. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012; 28(13): 16–21. (in Chinese)
[20] Niu K, Zhou L M, Yuan Y W, Liu Y C, Fang X F. Design and experiment on automatic compensation system of spoon-chain potato metering device. Transactions of the CSAM, 2016; 47(S1): 76–83. (in Chinese)
[21] Zhang H, Zhao W Y, Sun W, Wang G P, Liu X L, Feng B, et al. Potato planter test bed based on capacitive precision seed-monitoring and miss-seeding compensation system. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2022; 15(6): 104–112.
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Published
2024-09-06
How to Cite
Wang, G., Yang, X., Sun, W., Liu, Y., Wang, C., Zhang, H., … Li, H. (2024). Potato seed-metering monitoring and improved miss-seeding catching-up compensation control system using spatial capacitance sensor. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 17(4), 255–264. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/8475
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Information Technology, Sensors and Control Systems
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