Design and test of self-propelled citrus seedling pots filling and placing machine
Keywords:
agricultural machinery, design, experiments, fillingmachine, placing machineAbstract
In order to address the problem of citrus seedling pot filling and transporting which is time-consuming and labor-intensive in China, a scheme for seedling pot filling and placing was proposed, and a self-propelled citrus seedling pot filling and placing machine was designed which can fill and place 48 pots at one time. Firstly, the rotary hopper door mechanism was designed, the movement of the hopper door was analyzed, and the connection between the opening size and the movement time of the hopper door was determined. Then, the transmission system of the machine was designed, the power consumption of the hopper movement and substrate stirring were calculated, and the power requirement of the transmission system was determined. The lifting structure of the seedling pots frame was analyzed, the size of the flipping structure of the cover plate was calculated, and the seedling pots frame was designed. After that, the substrate flow rate curve was measured through the substrate flow rate experiments, and the hopper-controlled movement speed was calculated. Furthermore, the experimental prototype was manufactured and tested. The test results indicate that the filling number of pots was 48 one time, the filling time was 30 s, and the seedling pots were fully filled and placed in order. The average filling mass of the seedling pots was 2.23 kg, and the average mass variation coefficient was 2.7%. The substrate mass which is scraped out is 0.81 kg, accounting for 0.76% of the total filling mass at one time. This designed machine had a reasonable structure and high filling efficiency. The reseach can provide a reference for the development and optimization of the citrus seedling pots filling and transporting machine. Keywords: agricultural machinery, design, experiments, fillingmachine, placing machine DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231601.7817 Citation: Xu Q C, Li S J, Zhang J, Zhu J T, Pan H B. Design and test of self-propelled citrus seedling pots filling and placing machine. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(1): 104–110.References
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[2] Wu F B, Yan C F. Container seedling development overview and direction. South China Agriculture, 2014; 8(30): 66–67. (in Chinese)
[3] Shan Y. Present situation, development trend and countermeasures of citrus industry in China. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2008; 8(1): 1–8. (in Chinese)
[4] Coker R, Posadas B, Langlois S, Knight P, Coker C. Current automation practices among greenhouse and mixed nursery/greenhouse operations in selected Gulf South States. Mississippi Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station, 2014. Available: https://www.mafes.msstate.edu/publications/bulletins/b1208.pdf.
[5] Yulianto D, Raibhu S. Design of semi-automatic plant media bagging machine for container plant nursery. Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies, 2018; 5(1): 36–40.
[6] Singh R R, Meena L K, Singh P. High tech nursery management in horticultural crops: a way for enhancing income. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017; 6(6): 3162–3172.
[7] Gu S, Yang Y L, Zhang Y F. Development status of automated equipment systems for greenhouse potted flowers production in Netherlands. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012; 28(19): 1–8. (in Chinese)
[8] Liu N H, Jiang X P, Cheng J F, Li H L, Li W, Xue K P, et al. Current situation of foreign organic greenhouse horticulture and its inspiration for sustainable development of Chinese protected agriculture. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018; 34(15): 1–9. (in Chinese)
[9] Yang Y T, Chen Y S, Hu H, Guan C S. Experience of development of pot filling machine at home and abroad. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2013; 34(1): 47–50. (in Chinese)
[10] Meerburg B G, Korevaar H, Haubenhofer D K, Blom-Zandstra M, Van Keulen H, et al. The changing role of agriculture in Dutch society. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2009; 147(5): 511–521.
[11] Ryu K H, Kim G, Han J S. AE—Automation and emerging technologies: Development of a robotic transplanter for bedding plants. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 2001; 78(2): 141–146.
[12] Hwang S J, Nam J S. Development of automatic accumulating equipment for Roller-Type onion pot-seeding machine. Applied Sciences, 2019; 9(10): 2139. doi: 10.3390/app9102139.
[13] Hwang S J, Lee J Y, Nam J S. Irrigation system for a Roller-Type onion pot seeding machine. Applied Sciences, 2019; 9(3): 430. doi: 10.3390/app9030430.
[14] Hwang S J, Nam J S. Optimization of roller shape for roller-type onion pot-seeding machine. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(1):111–119.
[15] Lantin R M. Agricultural mechanization in the Philippines, Part I: Brief history. AMA-Agricultural Mechanization in Asia Africa and Latin America, 2016; 47(2): 80–86.
[16] Juliano P, Barbosa-Cánovas G V. Food powders flow ability characterization: theory, methods and applications. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 2010; 1: 211–239.
[17] Choi W C, Kim. D C, Ryu. I H, Kim K U. Development of a seedling pick-up device for vegetable transplanters. Transactions of the ASAE, 2002; 45(1): 13–19.
[18] Wei Y Y, Lu J, Sheng K C, Qian X Q, Shen J F. Design and performance investigation for substrate filler in protected horticulture. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2013; 39(3): 318-324. (in Chinese)
[19] Meena L K, Bairwa S L, Kumari M, Wadhwani M K. Performance of onion in Bihar - An economic analysis. Economic Affairs, 2016; 61(2): 299–304.
[20] Singh R C, Singh G, Saraswat D C. Optimisation of design and operational parameters of a pneumatic seed metering device for planting cottonseeds. Biosystems Engineering, 2005; 92(4): 429–438.
[21] Kocher M F, Lan Y, Chen C, Smith J A. Opto-electronic sensor system for rapid evaluation of planter seed spacing uniformity. Transactions of the ASAE, 1998; 41(1): 237–245.
[22] Karayel D, Wiesehoff M, Özmerzi A, Müller J. Laboratory measurement of seed drill seed spacing and velocity of fall of seeds using high-speed camera system. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2006, 50(2): 89–96.
[23] Xu Q C, Li S J, Zhang Y L, Meng L, Lu H A, Xie L. Design and test of seedling pot filling and transporting machine for citrus. Transactions of the CSAE, 2020; 36(18): 66–72. (in Chinese)
[24] Yang Y T, Hu H, Chen Y S, Guan Q S. Design and experiments of pot filling machine. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2014; 35(1): 170–175. (in Chinese)
[25] Zhang L, Cui X F, Zhang M B, Fan H L, He J C. Structure design and key component simulation analysis of preparation machine based on nursery bag raising method. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2019; 48(4): 539–545. (in Chinese)
[26] Zhang S B. Construction of E.coli displaying S.aureus trap on its surface by red recombination and its immunogenicity. Master dissertation. Daqing: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, 2014; 69p. (in Chinese)
[27] Guan X Q, Zhao Q Z, Gao Y W, Wang X. Simulation analysis of planner guide mechanism based on Solidworks and ADAMS. Coal Mine Machinery, 2014; 35(10): 273–275.
[28] Wei B D, Zhang M L. Optimal design of mechanism based on simulation result data of ADAMS. Machinery, 2004; 31(12): 44–45. (in Chinese)
[29] Wang S Y, Hu Z C, Peng L, Wu H C, Gu F W, Wang H O. Simulation of auto-follow row detection machanism in beet harvester based on ADAMS. Transactions of the CSAM, 2013; 44(12): 62–67. (in Chinese)
[30] Cheng H. Study on the optimization model and algorithm for the complex cutting stock problem. Doctoral dissertation. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2015; 126p. (in Chinese)
[31] Lin J C, Luo S, Yuan Q X, Cao H L. Flow properties of vermicompost particle with different moisture contents. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(9): 221–227. (in Chinese)
[32] Sun D, Lu H F, Cao J K, Wu Y T, Gao X L, Gong X. Solid flow rate prediction in hoppers with complicated flow channels. CIESC Journal, 2020; 71(3): 974–982. (in Chinese)
[33] Zhao W, Lu H F, Guo X L, Gong X. Application of CPFD in hopper discharge of fine granular material. CIESC Journal, 2015; 66(2): 512–521. (in Chinese)
[34] Wang H, Zhang J F. Design and experimental research of jujube core-removing machine based on a single chip microcomputer. Food and machinery, 2020; 36(2): 115–118. (in Chinese)
[35] Xu L M, Liu X D, Zhang K L, Xing J J, Yuan Q C, et al. Design and test of end-effector for navel orange picking robot. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(12): 53–61. (in Chinese)
[36] Qu J W, Guo K Q, Gao H, Song S J, Li X N, Zhou W. Experiments on collaborative characteristics of driving and steering for agricultural flexible chassis based on PWM signal. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018, 34(7): 75–81. (in Chinese)
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Published
2023-03-13
How to Cite
Xu, Q., Li, S., Zhang, J., Zhu, J., & Pan, H. (2023). Design and test of self-propelled citrus seedling pots filling and placing machine. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 16(1), 104–110. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/7817
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Power and Machinery Systems
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