Design and experiment of vibration plate type camellia fruit picking machine
Keywords:
canopy stratification, structural design, analysis of shedding factors, coupling simulation, orthogonal testAbstract
In order to solve the problem of high missed rate of camellia fruits and high damage rate of flower buds during vibratory picking, through the study on the biological characteristics of camellia tree, the crown of camellia tree was divided into upper and lower canopy at the maximum canopy diameter. A kind of vibration plate type camellia fruit picking machine was designed. The structure and working principle of the whole machine were described. Through the analysis of the factors of camellia fruit abscission, it is concluded that frequency, amplitude and working time are the main factors affecting the magnitude of inertia force. Through preliminary research and coupling simulation, the horizontal range of each factor is determined: operation time is 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, frequency is 3 Hz, 5 Hz, 7 Hz and amplitude is 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm. Orthogonal tests were carried out on the upper and lower canopies successively, and the comprehensive scoring method was used to analyze the orthogonal test results. The results showed that the optimal combination of working parameters for picking camellia in the upper canopy was A3B3C2, that is, the operation time was 15 s, the amplitude was 70 mm and the frequency was 5 Hz. Under this condition, the missed picking rate of camellia fruits was 8.21% and the rate of flower buds damage was 9.12%. The optimal combination of working parameters for picking camellia fruits in the lower canopy was A3B1C3, that is, the operation time was 15 s, the amplitude was 50 mm and the frequency was 7 Hz. Under this condition, the rate of missing picking of camellia fruits was 6.84% and the rate of flower buds damage was 6.92%. Keywords: canopy stratification, structural design, analysis of shedding factors, coupling simulation, orthogonal test DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20221504.6971 Citation: Wu D L, Ding D, Cui B W, Jiang S, Zhao E L, Liu Y Y, et al. Design and experiment of vibration plate type camellia fruit picking machine. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2022; 15(4): 130–138.References
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[2] Wang H D, Wu F M. Investigation of pinellia ternate resources in China. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2012; 1: 150–151,200. (in Chinese)
[3] Cao Y Q, Wang K L, Lin P, Ren H D, Yao X H, Long W, et al. Research on fruit characteristics at different canopy position. Subtropical Plant Science, 2011; 40(4): 46–49. (in Chinese)
[4] Fan L H, Fu W S. Investigation and analysis of present development of camellia oleifera processing machinery. Wood Processing Machinery, 2011; 22(4): 40–41. (in Chinese)
[5] Jiang W, Wang D J, Jin S H, Zhao G H, He Y L. Study on physicochemical properties and comprehensive utilization of camellia oil. Advances in Fine Petrochemicals, 2018; 19(5): 43–46, 50. (in Chinese)
[6] Rao H H, Zhang L Y, Huang D S, Chen B, Liu M H. Design and Test of motor-driven picking actuator of camellia Fruit with rotate rubber roller. Transactions of the CSAM, 2018; 49(9): 115–121. (in Chinese)
[7] Feng G K, Rao H H, Xu P, Liu M H. Research status on picking equipment and technology of camellia fruit. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2015; 5: 125–127, 141. (in Chinese)
[8] Savary S K J U, Ehsani R, Schueller J K, Rajaraman B P. Simulation study of citrus tree canopy motion during harvesting using a canopy shaker. Transactions of the ASABE, 2010; 53(5): 1373–1381.
[9] Sola-Guirado R R, Castro-Garcia S, Blanco-Roldán G L, Gil-Ribes J A, González-Sánchez E J. Performance evaluation of lateral canopy shakers with catch frame for continuous harvesting of oranges for juice industry. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(3): 88–93.
[10] Ortiz C, Torregrosa A. Determining adequate vibration frequency, amplitude, and time for mechanical harvesting of fresh mandarins. Transactions of the ASABE, 2013; 56(1): 15–22.
[11] Castro-Garcia S, Castillo-Ruiz F J, Jimenez-Jimenez F, Gil-Ribes J A, Blanco-Roldan G L. Suitability of Spanish ‘Manzanilla’ table olive orchards for trunk shaker harvesting. Biosystems Engineering, 2015; 129: 388–395.
[12] Castro-García S, Blanco-Roldán G L, Gil-Ribes J A, Aguera-Vega J. Dynamic analysis of olive trees in intensive orchards under forced vibration. Trees, 2008; 22(6): 795–802.
[13] Coelho A L F, Santos F L, Pinto F A C, Queiroz D M. Detachment efficiency of fruits from coffee plants subjected to mechanical vibrations. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2015; 45(4): 406–412.
[14] Yu P C, Li C Y, Takeda F, Krewer G, Rains G, Hamrita T. Measurement of mechanical impacts created by rotary, slapper, and sway blueberry mechanical harvesters. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2014; 101: 84–92.
[15] Wei J, Yang G Y, Yan H, Jing B B, Yu Y. Rigid-flexible coupling simulation and experimental vibration analysis of pistachio tree for optimal mechanized harvesting efficiency. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2020; pp.1–10.
[16] Gao Z C, Zhao K J, Li L J, Pang G Y, Wang X C. Design and experiment of suspended vibratory actuator for picking camellia oleifera fruits. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(21): 9–17. (in Chinese)
[17] Wang D, Tang J Y, Fan Z Y, Kou X, Qu Z X. Design and test of a vibratory camellia oleifera fruit harvester. Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment, 2020; 48(6): 4–7. (in Chinese)
[18] Li Z S, Cao C M, Wu D L, Zhou Y. Design and test of key components of camellia oleifera fruit picking device. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2021; 48(2): 292–298. (in Chinese)
[19] Wu D L, Fu L Q, Cao C M, Li C, Xu Y P, Ding D. Design and experiment of shaking-branch fruit picking machine for camellia fruit. Transactions of the CSAM, 2020; 51(11): 176–182,195. (in Chinese)
[20] Gupta S K, Ehsani R, Kim N H. Optimization of a citrus canopy shaker harvesting system: properties and modeling of tree limbs. Transactions of the ASABE,2015; 58(4): 971–985.
[21] Gupta S K, Ehsani R, Kim N H. Optimization of citrus canopy shaker harvesting system: mechanistic tree damage and fruit detachment models. Transactions of the ASABE, 2016; 59(4): 761–776.
[22] Pu Y J, Toudeshki A, Ehsani R, Yang F Z. Design and evaluation of a two-section canopy shaker with variable frequency for mechanical harvesting of citrus. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(5): 77–87.
[23] Du X Q, Shen T F, Zhao L J, Zhang G F, Hu A G, Fang S G, et al. Design and experiment of the comb-brush harvesting machine with variable spacing for oil-tea camellia fruit. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(1): 172–177.
[24] Zha X H, Jiang G Q, Dai Y, Lei X L. Correlation between bearing branch and flower formation in camellia oleifera. Jiangxi Forestry Science and Technology, 2012; 2: 12–14. (in Chinese)
[25] Rao H H, Wang Y L, Li Q S, et al. Design and Experiment of Camellia Fruit Layered Harvesting Device. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2021; 52(10): 203–212. (in Chinese)
[26] Li Z S. The design and research of camellia oleifera picking test stand. Master's dissertation. Hefei: Anhui Agricultural University, 2017. (in Chinese)
[27] Chen D, Du X Q, Wang S M, Zhang Q. Mechanism of vibratory fruit
harvest and review of current advance. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011; 27(8): 195–200. (in Chinese)
[28] Du X Q, Li D W, He L Y, Wu C Y, Lin L P. Fruit motion analysis in process of mechanical vibration harvesting based on electronic fruit technique. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017; 33(17): 58–64. (in Chinese)
[29] Wu D L, Li C, Cao C M, Fan E B, Wang Q. Analysis and experiment of the operation process of branch-shaking type camellia oleifera fruit picking device. Transactions of the CSAE, 2020; 36(10): 56–62. (in Chinese)
[30] Yang H M, San Y L, Chen Y F, Wang X N, Niu C H, Hou S L. Influence of different vibration characteristic parameters on vibration response of apricot trees. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(2): 10–16. (in Chinese)
[31] Aristizábal I D, Oliveros C E, Alvarez F. Mechanical harvest of coffee applying circular and multidirectional vibrations. Transactions of the ASAE, 2003; 46(2): 205–210.
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Published
2022-09-04
How to Cite
Wu, D., Ding, D., Cui, B., Jiang, S., Zhao, E., Liu, Y., & Cao, C. (2022). Design and experiment of vibration plate type camellia fruit picking machine. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 15(4), 130–138. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/6971
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Power and Machinery Systems
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