Improving harvest efficiency of maize varieties via accumulated temperature in a certain planting area
Keywords:
grain, moisture content, accumulated temperature zone, cultivars’ layout, Northeastern ChinaAbstract
The ripening and drying of maize (Zea mays L.) grain are closely related to temperature. In accordance with maize grain drying characteristics, regional accumulated temperature (AT00°C) distribution is of great significance for a rational allocation of maize varieties, thus reducing grain moisture content (MC) to improve maize harvest efficiency. From 2016 to 2018, a multi-site trial was carried out in the spring maize production area of Northeastern China. In this study, under a guaranteed rate of 80% for AT0, this area was divided into 15 accumulated temperature zones (ATZs) with an interval of 100°C based on climatic data of 78 local weather stations. Then the AT0 demand of different maize varieties during different growth stages was calculated by combining experimental records with the established prediction model of MC, and then, the spatial partition for different types of maize varieties under different MCs was analyzed. The results showed that all the tested varieties could not reach physiological maturity (PM) at ATZs 13-15, hence, where maize planting is risky. With the increasing accumulated temperature demand of different types of maize varieties from planting to PM, to the MC of 25% and to the MC of 20%, the unplantable areas were gradually expanded from south to north while the region where the maize varieties could be harvested under different MCs was also moved southwardly. Additionally, at 1-2 ATZs, it is entirely possible to achieve mechanical kernel harvesting under the MC of 20%, even though the AT0 requirements of the varieties are relatively high. Conclusively, on the grounds of AT0 demand law of maize varieties and heat resource distribution in Northeastern China, the layout optimization for achieving different harvesting scenarios is conducive to providing a basis not only for selecting suitable varieties but also for promoting mechanical kernel harvesting in the spring maize production area of this region. Keywords: grain, moisture content, accumulated temperature zone, cultivars’ layout, Northeastern China DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211404.6337 Citation: Huang Z F, Hou L Y, Xue J, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Hou P, et al. Improving harvest efficiency of maize varieties via accumulated temperature in a certain planting area. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(4): 175–181.References
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[40] Dwyer L M, Ma B L, Evenson L, Hamilton R I. Maize physiological traits related to grain yield and harvest moisture in mid- to short-season environments. Crop Science, 1994, 34: 985–992.
[41] Liu Y E, Hou P, Xie R Z, Hao W P, Li S K, Mei X R. Spatial variation and improving measures of the utilization efficiency of accumulated temperature. Crop Science, 2015; 55: 1806–1817.
[42] Li S K, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Hou P, Ming B, Yang X X, et al. Implementing higher population and full mechanization technologies to achieve high yield and high efficiency in maize production. Crops, 2016; 4:1–6. (in Chinese)
[43] Tsimba R, Edmeades G O, Millner J P, Kemp P D. The effect of planting date on maize: Phenology, thermal time durations and growth rates in a cool temperate climate. Field Crops Research, 2013; 150: 145–155.
[44] Wang K R, Li S K. Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dehydration rate of maize hybrids. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017; 50(11): 2027–2035. (in Chinese)
[45] Baute T, Hayes A, Mc Donald I, Reid K. Agronomy guide for field crops. Publ. 811. The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. Guelph, ON, 2002.
[2] Carter M W, Poneleit C G. Black layer maturity and filling period variation among inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.). Crop Science, 1973; 13: 436–439.
[3] Gao S, Ming B, Li L L, Xie R Z, Xue J, Hou P, et al. Relationship between grain dehydration and meteorological factors in the Yellow-Huai-Hai rivers summer maize. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018; 44: 1755–1763. (in Chinese)
[4] Skaugen T E, Tveito O E. Growing-season and degree day scenario in Norway for 2021-2050. Climate Research, 2004; 26: 221–232.
[5] Warrington I J, Kanemasu E T. Maize growth response to temperature and photoperiod. II. Leaf initiation and leaf appearance rates. Agronomy Journal, 1983; 75: 755–761.
[6] Gregory S. Accumulated temperature maps of the British. Isles Trans Paper, 1954; 20: 59–73.
[7] Bai J S, Chen X P, Dobermann A, Yang H S, Cassman K G, Zhang F S. Evaluation of NASA satellite-and model-derived weather data for simulation of maize yield potential in China. Agronomy Journal, 2010; 102: 9–16. (in Chinese)
[8] Mao Z Q, Yu Z R, Liu H. Experimental research on thermal requirement forwinter wheat and its leaves. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2002; 7(5): 14–19. (in Chinese)
[9] Muchow R C. Effect of high temperature on grain-growth in field-grown maize. Field Crops Research, 1990; 23(2): 145–158.
[10] Stewart D W, Dwyer L M, Carrigan L L. Phenological temperature response of maize. Agronomy Journal, 1998; 90(1): 73–79.
[11] Brooking I R. Maize ear moisture content during grain filling, and its relation to physiological maturity and grain-drying. Field Crops Research, 1990; 23(1): 55–68.
[12] Daynard T B, Kannenberg L W. Relationships between length of the actual, and effective grain filling periods and grain yield of corn. Canada Journal Plant Science, 1976; 56: 237–242.
[13] Daynard T B. Relationships among black layer formation, grain moisture percentage, and heat unit accumulation in corn. Agronomy Journal, 1972; 64: 716–719.
[14] Russelle M P, Wilhelm W W, Olson R A, Power J F. Growth analysis based on degree days. Crop Science, 1984; 24: 28–32.
[15] Cross H Z, Zuber M S. Prediction of flowering dates in maize based on different methods of estimating thermal units. Agronomy Journal, 1972; 64: 351355.
[16] van Ittersum M K, Leffelaar P A, van Keulen H, Kropff M J, Bastiaans L, Goudriaan J. On approaches and applications of the Wageningen crop models. European Journal of Agronomy, 2013; 18: 201–234.
[17] Meng Q F, Hou P, Wu L, Chen X P, Cui Z, Zhang F S. Understanding production potentials and yield gaps in intensive maize production in China. Field Crops Research, 2013; 143: 91–97.
[18] Chen X Z, Cui M, Fan P, Vitousek M, Zhao W, Ma W P, et al. Producing more grain with lower environmental costs. Nature (London), 2014; 514: 486–498.
[19] Dong J, Liu J, Tao F, Xu X, Wang J. Spatio-temporal changes in annual accumulated temperature in China and the effects on cropping systems, 1980s to 2000s. Climate Research, 2009; 40: 37–48. (in Chinese)
[20] Liu Y E, Hou P, Xie R Z, Li S K, Zhang H Z, Ming B, et al. Spatial adaptabilities of spring maize to variation of climatic conditions. Crop Science, 2013; 53(4): 1693–1703.
[21] Liu Y E, Xie R Z, Hou P, Li S K, Zhang H B, Ming B, et al. Phenological responses of maize to changes in environment when grown at different latitudes in China. Field Crops Research, 2013; 144: 192–199.
[22] Jennings M V. Genotypic variability in grain quality of maize (Zea mays L.). America, Iowa State University, 1974; 171p.
[23] Plett S. Corn kernel breakage as a function of grain moisture at harvest in a prairie environment. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 1994; 74(3): 543–544.
[24] Chai Z W, Wang K R, Guo Y Q, Xie R Z, Li L L, Ming B, et al. Current status of maize mechanical grain harvesting and its relationship with grain moisture content. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017; 50(11): 2036–2043. (in Chinese)
[25] Wang K R, Li S K. Progresses in research on grain broken rate by combine harvesting maize. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017; 50(11): 2018–2026. (in Chinese)
[26] Xie R Z, Lei X P, Wang K R, Guo Y Q, Chai Z W, Hou P, et al. Research on maize mechanically harvesting grain quality in Huanghuaihai Plain. Crops, 2014; 2: 76–79. (in Chinese)
[27] Zhao M, Li S K, Dong S T, Zhang D X, Wang P, Xue J Q, et al. The key technology of American maize production and the development of modern maize production in China—A study report after visiting the United States. Crops, 2011; 5: 1–3. (in Chinese)
[28] Li S K. Characteristics and enlightenment of maize production technologies in the U.S. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2013; 21: 1–5. (in Chinese)
[29] Ruane A C, Goldberg R, Chryssanthacopoulos J. Climate forcing datasets for agricultural modeling: Merged products for gap-filling and historical climate series estimation. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology, 2015; 200: 233–248.
[30] Li L L, Ming B, Gao S, Xie R Z, Hou P, Wang K R, et al. Study on grain dehydration characters of summer maize and its relationship with grain filling. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018; 51(10): 1878–1889. (in Chinese)
[31] Huang Z F, Ming B, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Yang F, Wang Z G, et al. Characteristics of maize grain dehydration and prediction of suitable harvest period in Liao River Basin. Acta Agronomia Sinica, 2019; 45(5): 732–741. (in Chinese)
[32] Li J, You S C, Huang J F. Spatial interpolation method and spatial distribution characteristics of monthly mean temperature in China during 1961-2000. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2006; 15(1): 109–114. (in Chinese)
[33] Yang Y W, Yu Q, Wang J. Spatio-temporal variations of principal climatic factors in north china and part of East China within past 40 years. Res. Sci., 2004; 26(4): 45–50. (in Chinese)
[34] Yang P Y, Hu Q, Ma X Q, Hu L T, Ren F Y, Yan M L, et al. Spatiotemporal variation of heat and solar resources and its impact on summer maize in the North China Plain over the period 1961−2015. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018; 39(7): 431–441. (in Chinese)
[35] Olivier F C, Annandale J G. Thermal time requirements for the development of green pea (Pisum sativum L.). Field Crops Research, 1998; 56: 301–307.
[36] Li S K, Wang C T. Potential and ways to high yield in maize. Science Press, Beijing, China, 2010.
[37] Liu Z J, Yang X G, Chen F, Wang E L. The effects of past climate change on the northern limits of maize planting in Northeast China. Climmate Change, 2013; 117(4): 891–902.
[38] Meng Q F, Hou P, Lobell D B, Wang H F, Cui Z L, Zhang F S, et al. The benefits of recent warming for maize production in high latitude China. Climmate Change, 2014; 122: 341–349.
[39] Bai C Y, Li S K, Zhang H B, Bo J H, Xie R Z, Meng L. Ecological adaptability of Zhengdan958 hybrid in northeast of China. Acta Agronomia Sinica, 2010; 36(2): 296–302. (in Chinese)
[40] Dwyer L M, Ma B L, Evenson L, Hamilton R I. Maize physiological traits related to grain yield and harvest moisture in mid- to short-season environments. Crop Science, 1994, 34: 985–992.
[41] Liu Y E, Hou P, Xie R Z, Hao W P, Li S K, Mei X R. Spatial variation and improving measures of the utilization efficiency of accumulated temperature. Crop Science, 2015; 55: 1806–1817.
[42] Li S K, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Hou P, Ming B, Yang X X, et al. Implementing higher population and full mechanization technologies to achieve high yield and high efficiency in maize production. Crops, 2016; 4:1–6. (in Chinese)
[43] Tsimba R, Edmeades G O, Millner J P, Kemp P D. The effect of planting date on maize: Phenology, thermal time durations and growth rates in a cool temperate climate. Field Crops Research, 2013; 150: 145–155.
[44] Wang K R, Li S K. Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dehydration rate of maize hybrids. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017; 50(11): 2027–2035. (in Chinese)
[45] Baute T, Hayes A, Mc Donald I, Reid K. Agronomy guide for field crops. Publ. 811. The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. Guelph, ON, 2002.
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2021-07-31
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Huang, Z., Hou, L., Xue, J., Wang, K., Xie, R., Hou, P., … Li, S. (2021). Improving harvest efficiency of maize varieties via accumulated temperature in a certain planting area. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 14(4), 175–181. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/6337
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Natural Resources and Environmental Systems
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