Allocation of maize varieties according to temperature for use in mechanical kernel harvesting in Ningxia, China
Keywords:
maize, dehydration, grain yield, economic return, mechanical kernel harvestingAbstract
The reasonable assessment of maize varieties in different ecological regions can allow temperature resources to be fully exploited and reach the goal of high yield and efficiency and is thus an important direction of modern maize development in China. In this study, a logistic power nonlinear growth model was used to simulate the accumulated temperature required for kernel dehydration to moisture contents of 25%, 20%, and 16% for various maize cultivar, which were divided into six types based on the accumulated temperature required for kernel dehydration to a moisture content of 25%. The relationship between the yield of maize cultivars and the accumulated temperature required for kernel dehydration to a moisture content of 25% was found to follow a unary function model. Changing the planted maize variety was found to increase economic returns by more than 7000 RMB/hm2 in Ningxia, Northwest China. Under the conditions of mechanical grain harvesting, economic benefits can be further increased by means of selecting high yields and fast-dehydrating varieties, selling when the grain dehydration is below 16%. A better way to achieve grain dehydration to a moisture content below 16% is to postpone the harvest date as much as possible rather than drying after the harvest at physiological maturity. The areas of various types of maize varieties can be dehydrated to moisture contents of 25%, 20%, and 16% were marked. Based on the distribution of heat resources in different regions of Ningxia from the normal sowing date to October 31 before winter irrigation, the appropriate cultivars for various regions in the province were determined based on production benefits. Therefore, in different areas of Ningxia, selecting suitable maize varieties according to temperature resources can reach a high yield and mechanical kernel harvesting, and ultimately obtain higher economic benefits. Keywords: maize, dehydration, grain yield, economic return, mechanical kernel harvesting DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201401.6035 Citation: Li H Y, Wang Y H, Xue J, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Zhao R L, et al. Allocation of maize varieties according to temperature for use in mechanical kernel harvesting in Ningxia, China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(1): 20–28.References
[1] Li S K. Factors affecting the quality of maize grain mechanical harvest and the development trend of grain harvest technology. J Shihezi Univ (Nat Sci), 2017; 35(3): 265–272. (in Chinese)
[2] Fang H M, Niu M M, Shi S, Liu H, Zhou J. Effect of harvesting methods and grain moisture content on maize harvesting quality. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(18): 11–18. (in Chinese)
[3] Lackery R. Corn energy value–a comparison of harvesting corn as shelled dried corn, high moisture corn, high moisture cob corn (cob meal) and corn silage. Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs, 2008. http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/beef/news/vbn1108a2.htm. Accessed on [2017-02-06]
[4] Chai Z W, Wang K R, Guo Y Q, Xie R Z, Li L L, Hou P, et al. Current status of maize mechanical grain harvesting and its relationship with grain moisture content. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2036–2043. (in Chinese)
[5] Li L L, Xue J, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Ming B, Hou P, et al. Effects of grain moisture content on mechanical grain harvesting quality of summer maize. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1747–1754. (in Chinese)
[6] Raben J, Humphreys W, Boydston B, Duvall D, Ulibarri V, Schwarck R, et al. The corn harvest quality report. The U.S. Grains Council, 2011-2019. https://grains.org/corn_report. Accessed on [2019-12-26]
[7] Brooking I R. Maize ear moisture during grain-filling, and its relation to physiological maturity and grain-drying. Field Crop Res, 1990; 23(1): 55–68.
[8] Hunter R B, Mortimore G, Gerrish E E, Kannenberg L W. Field drying of flint and dent endosperm maize. Crop Sci, 1979; 19(3): 401–402.
[9] Waelti H. Physical properties and morphological characteristics of maize and their influence on threshing injury of kernels. Ames: Iowa State University, 1967.
[10] Wang K R, Li S K. Progresses in research on grain broken rate by combine harvesting maize. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2018–2026. (in Chinese)
[11] Plett S. Corn kernel breakage as a function of grain moisture at harvest in a prairie environment. Canada J Plant Sci, 1994; 74: 543–544.
[12] Chowdhury M H, Buchele W F. The nature of corn kernel damage inflicted in the shelling crescent of grain combines. Trans ASAE, 1978; 21(4): 610–614.
[13] Li L L, Ming B, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Hou P, Li S K. The establishment of dehydration type and mechanical grain collecting time of yellow-Huaihai Summer maize. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1764–1773. (in Chinese)
[14] Mederski H J, Miller M E, Weaver C R. Accumulated heat units for classifying corn hybrid maturity. Agron J, 1973; 65: 743–747.
[15] Zhang W X, Ming B, Wang K R, Li C W, Hou P, Cheng J L, et al. Analysis of the suitable sowing time and harvesting period of machine-harvested maize based on the characteristics of mature period and grain dehydration. Sci Agric Sin, 2018; 51(10): 1890–1898. (in Chinese)
[16] Daynard T B. Relationships among black layer formation, grain moisture percentage, and heat unit accumulation in corn. Agron J, 1972; 64: 716–719.
[17] Huang Z F, Ming B, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Yang F, Wang Z G, et al. Characteristics of maize grain dehydration and prediction of suitable harvest period in Liao River Basin. Acta Agron Sin, 2019; 45(6): 922−931. (in Chinese)
[18] Gong X J, Qian X R, Yu Y, Jiang Y B, Hao Y B, Li L, Ge X L. Effects of different sowing date on grain yield and yield components of spring maize. J Maize Sci, 2019; 27(3): 108–113. (in Chinese)
[19] Paulsen M R, Nave W R. Corn damage from conventional and rotary combines. Bmc Gastroenterol, 1980; 23(5): 1110–1116.
[20] Dutta P K. Effects of grain moisture, drying methods, and variety on breakage susceptibility of shelled corns as measured by the Wisconsin Breakage Tester. Ames: Iowa State University, 1986.
[21] Wang K R, Li S K. Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dry-down-rate of maize hybrids. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2027–2035. (in Chinese)
[22] Cross H Z. Leaf expansion rate effects on yield and yield components in early-maturing maize. Crop Sci, 1991; 31(3): 579–583.
[23] Magari R, Kang M S, Zhang Y. Sample size for evaluating field ear moisture loss rate in maize. Maydica, 1996; 41(1): 19–24.
[24] Xue J, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Gou L, Zhang W F, Ming B, et al. Research progress of maize lodging during late stage. Sci Agric Sin, 2018; 51(10): 1845–1854. (in Chinese)
[25] Xue J, Li L L, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Hou P, Ming B, et al. Effect of lodging on maize grain losing and harvest efficiency in mechanical grain harvest. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1774–1781. (in Chinese)
[2] Fang H M, Niu M M, Shi S, Liu H, Zhou J. Effect of harvesting methods and grain moisture content on maize harvesting quality. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(18): 11–18. (in Chinese)
[3] Lackery R. Corn energy value–a comparison of harvesting corn as shelled dried corn, high moisture corn, high moisture cob corn (cob meal) and corn silage. Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs, 2008. http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/beef/news/vbn1108a2.htm. Accessed on [2017-02-06]
[4] Chai Z W, Wang K R, Guo Y Q, Xie R Z, Li L L, Hou P, et al. Current status of maize mechanical grain harvesting and its relationship with grain moisture content. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2036–2043. (in Chinese)
[5] Li L L, Xue J, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Ming B, Hou P, et al. Effects of grain moisture content on mechanical grain harvesting quality of summer maize. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1747–1754. (in Chinese)
[6] Raben J, Humphreys W, Boydston B, Duvall D, Ulibarri V, Schwarck R, et al. The corn harvest quality report. The U.S. Grains Council, 2011-2019. https://grains.org/corn_report. Accessed on [2019-12-26]
[7] Brooking I R. Maize ear moisture during grain-filling, and its relation to physiological maturity and grain-drying. Field Crop Res, 1990; 23(1): 55–68.
[8] Hunter R B, Mortimore G, Gerrish E E, Kannenberg L W. Field drying of flint and dent endosperm maize. Crop Sci, 1979; 19(3): 401–402.
[9] Waelti H. Physical properties and morphological characteristics of maize and their influence on threshing injury of kernels. Ames: Iowa State University, 1967.
[10] Wang K R, Li S K. Progresses in research on grain broken rate by combine harvesting maize. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2018–2026. (in Chinese)
[11] Plett S. Corn kernel breakage as a function of grain moisture at harvest in a prairie environment. Canada J Plant Sci, 1994; 74: 543–544.
[12] Chowdhury M H, Buchele W F. The nature of corn kernel damage inflicted in the shelling crescent of grain combines. Trans ASAE, 1978; 21(4): 610–614.
[13] Li L L, Ming B, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Hou P, Li S K. The establishment of dehydration type and mechanical grain collecting time of yellow-Huaihai Summer maize. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1764–1773. (in Chinese)
[14] Mederski H J, Miller M E, Weaver C R. Accumulated heat units for classifying corn hybrid maturity. Agron J, 1973; 65: 743–747.
[15] Zhang W X, Ming B, Wang K R, Li C W, Hou P, Cheng J L, et al. Analysis of the suitable sowing time and harvesting period of machine-harvested maize based on the characteristics of mature period and grain dehydration. Sci Agric Sin, 2018; 51(10): 1890–1898. (in Chinese)
[16] Daynard T B. Relationships among black layer formation, grain moisture percentage, and heat unit accumulation in corn. Agron J, 1972; 64: 716–719.
[17] Huang Z F, Ming B, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Yang F, Wang Z G, et al. Characteristics of maize grain dehydration and prediction of suitable harvest period in Liao River Basin. Acta Agron Sin, 2019; 45(6): 922−931. (in Chinese)
[18] Gong X J, Qian X R, Yu Y, Jiang Y B, Hao Y B, Li L, Ge X L. Effects of different sowing date on grain yield and yield components of spring maize. J Maize Sci, 2019; 27(3): 108–113. (in Chinese)
[19] Paulsen M R, Nave W R. Corn damage from conventional and rotary combines. Bmc Gastroenterol, 1980; 23(5): 1110–1116.
[20] Dutta P K. Effects of grain moisture, drying methods, and variety on breakage susceptibility of shelled corns as measured by the Wisconsin Breakage Tester. Ames: Iowa State University, 1986.
[21] Wang K R, Li S K. Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dry-down-rate of maize hybrids. Sci Agric Sin, 2017; 50(11): 2027–2035. (in Chinese)
[22] Cross H Z. Leaf expansion rate effects on yield and yield components in early-maturing maize. Crop Sci, 1991; 31(3): 579–583.
[23] Magari R, Kang M S, Zhang Y. Sample size for evaluating field ear moisture loss rate in maize. Maydica, 1996; 41(1): 19–24.
[24] Xue J, Wang K R, Xie R Z, Gou L, Zhang W F, Ming B, et al. Research progress of maize lodging during late stage. Sci Agric Sin, 2018; 51(10): 1845–1854. (in Chinese)
[25] Xue J, Li L L, Xie R Z, Wang K R, Hou P, Ming B, et al. Effect of lodging on maize grain losing and harvest efficiency in mechanical grain harvest. Acta Agron Sin, 2018; 44(12): 1774–1781. (in Chinese)
Downloads
Published
2021-02-10
How to Cite
Li, H., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Xie, R., Wang, K., Zhao, R., … Li, S. (2021). Allocation of maize varieties according to temperature for use in mechanical kernel harvesting in Ningxia, China. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 14(1), 20–28. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/6035
Issue
Section
Special Column
License
IJABE is an international peer reviewed open access journal, adopting Creative Commons Copyright Notices as follows.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
