Efficiency of LED lamps used in cereal crop breeding greenhouse
Keywords:
greenhouse, light-emitting diodes, cost-effectiveness, cereal, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Avena sativaAbstract
LED lamps, which are becoming prevalent in horticulture, are also being installed in greenhouses dedicated to cereal crop breeding. However, the issue arises with the real efficiency of LED lamps. Besides high-budget programs, the smaller breeding companies in Poland face problems concerning the plant growth under LED lamps and the real costs of their exploitation. The experiment was conducted to compare seven different LED lamps and a high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp with a high-pressure sodium lamp (HPS) used as a control. For studies, two varieties of wheat, barley, and oat species were used. The plants’ growth rate was assessed based on elongation growth and earing time. Plants’ physiological conditions were evaluated using chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence measured on dark-adapted leaves. The light spectra and intensities of tested lamps in parallel with electricity consumption were also recorded. The results showed that 1) LEDs’ physical properties and luminaire construction influence the amount of electricity consumed; 2) the cereal crop species differ in lighting requirements. The less light-sensitive was oat opposite barley, with wheat of moderate sensitivity; 3) LED-6 lamp (PlantaLux S.A, Lublin, Poland) based on white diodes enriched by blue ones was the most cost-efficient and most optimal for studied species. Keywords: greenhouse, light-emitting diodes, cost-effectiveness, cereal, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Avena sativa DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20221502.5775 Citation: Stefański P, Siedlarz-Slowacka P, Matysik P, Rybka K. Efficiency of LED Lamps used in cereal crop breeding greenhouse. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2022; 15(2): 75–83.References
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[2] Ahmad M. Photocycle and signaling mechanisms of plant cryptochromes. Current Opinion Plant Biology, 2016; 33: 108–115.
[3] Kong S, Okajima K. Diverse photoreceptors and light responses in plants. Journal of Plant Research, 2016; 129: 111–114.
[4] Nelson J A, Bugbee B. Economic analysis of greenhouse lighting: Light emitting diodes vs. high intensity discharge fixtures. PLoS One, 2014; 9(6): e99010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099010.
[5] Ouzounis T, Rosenqvist E, Ottosen C-O. Spectral effects of artificial light on plant physiology and secondary metabolism: A review. HortScience, 2015; 50(8): 1128. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.50.8.1128.
[6] Avgoustaki D D, Xydis G. Energy cost reduction by shifting electricity demand in indoor vertical farms with artificial lighting. Biosystems Engineering, 2021; 211: 219–229.
[7] Watson A, Ghosh S, Williams M J, Cuddy W S, Simmonds J, Rey M-D, et al. Speed breeding is a powerful tool to accelerate crop research and breeding. Nature Plants, 2018; 4: 23–29.
[8] Singh D, Basu C, Meinhardt-Wollweber M, Roth B. LEDs for energy efficient greenhouse lighting. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015; 49: 139–147.
[9] Gasperl A, Balogh E, Boldizsár Á, Kemeter N, Pirklbauer R, Möstl S, et al. Comparison of light condition-dependent differences in the accumulation and subcellular localization of glutathione in Arabidopsis and wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021; 22(2): 607. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020607.
[10] Foyer C H, Noctor G. Redox regulation in photosynthetic organisms: Signaling, acclimation, and practical implications. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 2009; 11(4): 861–905.
[11] Goltsev V N, Kalaji H M, Paunov M, Baba W, Horaczek T, amojski J, et al. Variable chlorophyll fluorescence and its use for assessing physiological condition of plant photosynthetic apparatus. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2016; 63: 869–893.
[12] Paunov M, Koleva L, Vassilev A, Vangronsveld J, Goltsev V. Effects of different metals on photosynthesis: Cadmium and Zinc affect chlorophyll fluorescence in durum wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018; 19(3): 787. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030787.
[13] Tsimilli-Michael M, Strasser R J. The energy flux theory 35 years later: Formulations and applications. Photosynthesis Research, 2013; 117: 289–320.
[14] Oukarroum A, Madidi S E, Schansker G, Strasser R J. Probing the responses of barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.) by chlorophyll a fluorescence OLKJIP under drought stress and re-watering. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2007; 60(3): 438–446.
[15] Zhiponova M, Paunov M, Anev S, Petrova N, Krumova S, Raycheva A, et al. JIP-test as a tool for early diagnostics of plant growth and flowering upon selected light recipe. Photosynthetica, 2020; 58(S1): 399–408.
[16] Ge S, Smith R G, Jacovides C P, Kramer M G, Carruthers R I. Dynamics of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and estimates in coastal northern California. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2011; 105: 107–118.
[17] Elvidge C D, Keith D M, Tuttle B T, Baugh K E. Spectral identification of lighting type and character. Sensors, 2010; 10(4): 3961–3988.
[18] Tabaka P, Derlecki S. Analysis of electrical parameters of light sources used by household and municipal customers. Electrical Review, 2012; 88(1): 207–212.
[19] Stefański P, Siedlarz P, Matysik P, Rybka K. Usefulness of LED lightings in cereal breeding on example of wheat, barley and oat seedlings. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(6): 32–37.
[20] Daszkowska-Golec A, Collin A, Sitko K, Janiak A, Kalaji H M, Szarejko I. Genetic and physiological dissection of photosynthesis in barley exposed to drought stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019; 20: e6341. doi: 10.3390/ijms20246341.
[21] Pocock T. Light-emitting diodes and the modulation of specialty crops: Light sensing and signaling networks in plants. HortScience, 2015; 50(9): 1281. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.50.9.1281.
[22] Golovatskaya I, Karnachuk R. Role of gereen light in physiological activity of plants. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2015; 62: 727–740.
[23] Zhang S X, Huang D D, Yi X Y, Zhang S, Yao R, Li C G, et al. Rice yield corresponding to the seedling growth under supplemental green light in mixed light-emitting diodes. Plant, Soil and Environment, 2016; 62: 222–229.
[24] Randall W C, Lopez R G. Comparison of supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps and light-emitting diodes during bedding plant seedling production. HortScience, 2014; 49(5): 589. doi: 10.21273/ HORTSCI.49.5.589.
[25] Cope K R, Bugbee B. Spectral effects of three types of white light-emitting diodes on plant growth and development: Absolute versus relative amounts of blue light. HortScience, 2013; 48(4): 504. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.48.4.504.
[26] Karsai I, Koszegi B, Kovacs G, Szucs P, Meszaros K, Bedo Z, et al. Effects of temperature and light intensity on flowering of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Acta Biologica Hungarica, 2008; 59: 205–215.
[27] Brazaityte A, Sakalauskiene S, Samuoliene G, Jankauskiene J, Viršile A, Novickovas A, et al. The effects of LED illumination spectra and intensity on carotenoid content in Brassicaceae microgreens. Food Chemistry, 2014; 173: 600–606.
[28] Carvalho S D, Schwieterman M L, Abrahan C E, Colquhoun T A, Folta K M. Light quality dependent changes in morphology, antioxidant capacity, and volatile production in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016; 7: 1328. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01328.
[29] Han T, Vaganov V, Cao S X, Li Q, Ling L L, Cheng X Y, et al. Improving “color rendering” of LED lighting for the growth of lettuce. Nature Scientific Reports, 2017; 7: 45944. doi: 10.1038/srep45944.
[30] Ptushenko V V, Avercheva O V, Bassarskaya E M, Berkovich Y, Erokhin A N, Smolyanina S O, et al. Possible reasons of a decline in growth of Chinese cabbage under a combined narrowband red and blue light in comparison with illumination by high-pressure sodium lamp. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015; 194: 267–277.
[31] Ye S Y, Shao Q S, Xu M J, Li S L, Wu M, Tan X, et al. Effects of light quality on morphology, enzyme activities, and bioactive compound contents in Anoectochilus roxburghii. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017; 8: 857. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00857.
[32] Christophe A, Moulia B, Varlet-Grancher C. Quantitative contributions of blue light and PAR to the photocontrol of plant morphogenesis in Trifolium repens (L.). Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006; 57(10): 2379–2390.
[33] Orlowska R, Pachota K A, Machczynska J, Niedziela A, Makowska K, Zimny J, et al. Improvement of anther cultures conditions using the Taguchi method in three cereal crops. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 2020; 43: 8–15.
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2022-04-23
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Stefański, P., Siedlarz-Słowacka, P., Matysik, P., & Rybka, K. (2022). Efficiency of LED lamps used in cereal crop breeding greenhouse. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 15(2), 75–83. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/5775
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