Effects of LED light quality on the growth of pepper seedling in plant factory
Keywords:
pepper seedlings, LED light quality, R, B ratio, light energy use efficiency (LUE), electric energy use efficiency (EUE)Abstract
The extensive environment, especially low temperature and weak lighting in winter and spring, which limits the growth of pepper (Capicum annuum L.) seedlings, the use of plant factory with artificial lighting technology can effectively control the lighting environment to produce high-quality seedlings. In this study, white LED lamps with R:B ratio of 0.7 (L0.7) and 1.5 (L1.5) and red-blue LED lamps with R:B ratio of 3.5 (L3.5) were used to cultivate seedlings of “CAU-24” pepper in the light intensity of 250 μmol/m2·s and photoperiod of 12 h/d, white fluorescent lamps with R:B ratio of 1.7 (F1.7) was used as control. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter, hypocotyl length, biomass accumulation, light energy use efficiency (LUE) and electric energy use efficiency (EUE) of pepper seedling under L1.5 were the highest. After 36 days of sowing, the dry weight of shoot reached 302.8±45.2 mg/plant. Leaf area reached maximum value of 153.5±22.0 cm2 under L0.7. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of pepper seedling leaves under all kinds of LED light were greater than F1.7, but there was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate. The total dry weight with lamp electric power consumption of L1.5 were 3.0 g/(kW·h) which was 1.5, 2, and 3 times greater than that of L3.5, L0.7, and F1.7, respectively. Therefore, compared with fluorescent lamp and other LED lamps, the white LED light quality with R:B ratio of 1.5 is suitable for pepper seedling production in plant factory because of the high LED lighting efficiency, greater LUE and EUE. Keywords: pepper seedlings, LED light quality, R: B ratio, light energy use efficiency (LUE), electric energy use efficiency (EUE) DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4847 Citation: Liu N, Ji F, Xu L J, He D X. Effects of LED light quality on the growth of pepper seedling in plant factory. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(5): 44–50.References
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[31] Yan M, Wang M, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhao C. Effects of light quality on photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic characteristics of peanut seedling leaves. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014; 25(2): 483. (in Chinese)
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[34] Matsuda R. Photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves grown under red light with or without supplemental blue light. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004; 45(12): 1870–1874.
[35] Lee S H, Tewari R K, Hahn E J, Paek K. Photon flux density and light quality induce changes in growth, stomatal development, photosynthesis and transpiration of Withania Somnifera (L.) Dunal. plantlets. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2007; 90(2): 141–151.
[2] Kozai T, Kubota C, Claim C, Afreen F, Ohyama K. Necessity and concept of the closed transplant production system. Transplant Production in the 21st Century, 2000; pp.3–19.
[3] Kozai T. Resource use efficiency of closed plant production system with artificial light: Concept, estimation and application to plant factory. Phys Biol Sci, 2013; 89(10): 1–15.
[4] Kozai T, Chun C. Closed systems using artificial light for producing quality transplants. In: The Korea-Japan Join Symposium on Transplant Production in Horticultural Plants, 1999; pp.53–60.
[5] Black C C, Brown R H, Moore R C. Plant photosynthesis. Basic Life Sciences, 1978; 30: 78–87.
[6] Clemens S. Plant physiology and function. Physiology and Function, 2017.
[7] Bourget C M. An introduction to light-emitting diodes. HortScience, 2008; 43(7): 1944–1946.
[8] Morrow, Robert C. LED Lighting in Horticulture. HortScience, 2008; 43(7): 1947–1950.
[9] Barta D J, Tennessen D J, Bula R J, Tibbitts T W. Wheat growth under a light source with and without blue photon supple mentation. ASGSB Bull, 1991; 5: 51.
[10] Brown C S, Schuerger A C, Sager J C. Growth and photomorphogenesis of pepper plants under red light-emitting diodes with supplemental blue or far-red lighting. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1995; 120(5): 808–813.
[11] Ricardo H, Eguchi T, Deveci M, Kubota C. Tomato seedling physiological responses under different percentages of blue and red photon flux ratios using LEDs and cool white fluorescent lamps. Scientia Horticulturae, 2016; 213: 270–280.
[12] Cao G, Zhang G, Yu J, Ma Y. Effects of different led light qualities on cucumber seedling growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013; 46(6): 1297–1304.
[13] Song J X, Meng Q W, Du W F, He D X. Effects of light quality on growth and development of cucumber seedlings in controlled environment. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2017; 10(3): 312–318.
[14] Ohashi-Kaneko K, Takase M, Kon N, Fujiwara K, Kurata K. Effect of light quality on growth and vegetable quality in leaf lettuce, spinach and komatsuna. Environment Control in Biology, 2007; 45(3): 189–198.
[15] Arnon D. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, Phytophenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol., 1949; 24(1): 1–15.
[16] Polley H W. Implications of atmospheric and climatic change for crop yield and water use efficiency. Crop Sci., 2002; 42(1): 131–140.
[17] Javanmardi J , Emami S. Response of tomato and pepper transplants to light spectra provided by light emitting diodes. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 2013; 19(2): 138–149.
[18] Ricardo H, Chieri K. Physiological responses of cucumber seedlings under different blue and red photon flux ratios using LEDs. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2015; 29(1): 66–74.
[19] Heo J, Lee C, Chakrabarty D, Paek K. Growth responses of marigold and salvia bedding plants as affected by monochromic or mixture radiation provided by a light-emitting diode (LED). Plant Growth Regulation, 2002; 38: 225–230.
[20] Ahmad M, Cashmore A R. Seeing blue: The discovery of cryptochrome. Plant Molecular Biology, 1996; 30(5): 851–861.
[21] Folta K M, Spalding E P. Unexpected roles for cryptochrome 2 and phototropin revealed by high-resolution analysis of blue light-mediated hypocotyl growth inhibition. The Plant Journal, 2001; 26(5): 471–478.
[22] Lin K H , Huang M Y , Huang W D, Hsu M H, Yang Z W, Yang C M. The effects of red, blue and white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth, development and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata). Scientia Horticulturae, 2013; 150(2): 86–91.
[23] Staal M , Elzenga J T M , Elk A G V , Prins H B A, Volkenburgh E V. Red and blue light-stimulated proton efflux by epidermal leaf cells of the Argenteum mutant of Pisum sativum. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1994; 45(278): 1213–1218.
[24] Volkenburgh E V. Leaf expansion–an integrating plant behaviour. Plant Cell and Environment, 1999; 22(12): 1463–1473.
[25] Gomez C, Mitchell C A. Growth responses of tomato seedlings to different spectra of supplemental lighting. HortScience, 2015; 50: 112–118.
[26] Son K, Oh M, In B, Growth and bioactive compound synthesis in cultivated lettuce subject to light-quality changes. HortScience, 2017; 52(4): 584–591.
[27] Kim H. Green-light supplementation for enhanced lettuce growth under red- and blue-light-emitting diodes. HortScience, 2004; 39(7): 1617.
[28] Borowski E, Michałek S, Rubinowska K , Hawrylak-Nowak B, Grudzinski W. The effects of light quality on photosynthetic parameters and yield of lettuce plants. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, 2015; 14(5): 177–188.
[29] Craver J K, Gerovac J R, Lopez R G. Light intensity and light quality from sole-source light-emitting diodes impact phytochemical concentrations within Brassica Microgreens. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci, 2017; 142(1): 3–12.
[30] Kopsell D A, Sams C E, Barickman T C. Sprouting broccoli accumulate higher concentrations of nutritionally important metabolites under narrow-band light-emitting diode lighting. Horticultural Science, 2014; 139: 469–477.
[31] Yan M, Wang M, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhao C. Effects of light quality on photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic characteristics of peanut seedling leaves. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014; 25(2): 483. (in Chinese)
[32] Zhang B B, Xu J L, Zhou M, Yan D H, Ma R J. Effect of light quality on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of peach (Prunus
persica L. Batch). Photosynthetica, 2018; 56(4): 1113–1122.
[33] Wang H, Gu M, Cui J, Shi K, Zhou Y, Yu J. Effects of light quality on CO2 assimilation, chlorophyll-fluorescence quenching, expression of Calvin cycle genes and carbohydrate accumulation in Cucumis sativus. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology B Biology, 2009; 96(1): 30–37.
[34] Matsuda R. Photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves grown under red light with or without supplemental blue light. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2004; 45(12): 1870–1874.
[35] Lee S H, Tewari R K, Hahn E J, Paek K. Photon flux density and light quality induce changes in growth, stomatal development, photosynthesis and transpiration of Withania Somnifera (L.) Dunal. plantlets. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2007; 90(2): 141–151.
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Published
2019-10-14
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Liu, N., Ji, F., Xu, L., & He, D. (2019). Effects of LED light quality on the growth of pepper seedling in plant factory. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 12(5), 44–50. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/4847
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