Heavy metal contamination in soils of greenhouse vegetable production systems in a cold region of China
Keywords:
heavy metal contamination, cold region, greenhouse vegetable production (GVP), distribution, ecological risk, food quality, food safetyAbstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination in soils of greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) systems has drawn increasing attention in terms of food safety. In the present study, 64 surface soils were sampled, and the concentrations of select HMs were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) in the soils were (0.2±0.2) mg/kg, (26.5±8.4) mg/kg, (101.4±43.2) mg/kg, (29.1±8.6) mg/kg, (24.5±3.3) mg/kg, and (56.5±6.3) mg/kg, and the corresponding accumulation index (AI) values were 2.30, 1.10, 1.43, 1.45, 1.07, and 0.97, respectively. The spatial distribution of the HMs suggested that Cd pollution displays a fractionation effect, which may be related to the source of Cd and its mobility. The concentration of Zn was significantly correlated with that of other HMs, implying that a comprehensive interactive effect might occur between Zn and other HMs. Furthermore, the values of the potential ecological risk index (RI) ranged from 41.23 to 185.91, meaning that attention should be paid to HM contamination of GVP soils to ensure food quality and safety. Keywords: heavy metal contamination, cold region, greenhouse vegetable production (GVP), distribution, ecological risk, food quality, food safety DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191202.4306 Citation: Lv P, Wei Z M, Yu Z M, Zhang J Z, Wang L M. Heavy metal contamination in soils of greenhouse vegetable production systems in a cold region of China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(2): 98–102.References
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[2] Critten D L, Bailey B J. A review of greenhouse engineering developments during the1990s. Agric. For. Meteorol., 2002; 112: 1–22.
[3] Huang S W, Jin J Y. Status of heavy metals in agricultural soils as affected by different patterns of land use. Environ.Monit.Assess., 2008; 139: 317–327.
[4] Yang L, Huang B, Hu W, Chen Y, Mao M. Assessment and source identification of trace metals in the soils of greenhouse vegetable production in eastern China. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2013; 97: 204–209.
[5] Hu W, Huang B, Tian K, Holm P E, Zhang Y. Heavy metals in intensive greenhouse vegetable production systems along Yellow Sea of China: Levels, transfer and health risk. Chemosphere, 2017; 167: 82–90.
[6] Tian K, Hu W, Xing Z, Huang B, Jia M, Wan M. Determination and evaluation of heavy metals in soils under two different greenhouse vegetable production systems in eastern China. Chemosphere, 2016; 165: 555–563.
[7] Martín J R, Ramos-Miras J J, Boluda R, Gil C. Spatial relations of heavy metals in arable and greenhouse soils of a Mediterranean environment region (Spain). Geoderma, 2013; 200: 180–188.
[8] Sungur A, Soylak M, Özcan H. Chemical fractionation, mobility and environmental impacts of heavy metals in greenhouse soils from Çanakkale, Turkey. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016; 75(4): 334.
[9] Cheng S. Heavy metal pollution in China: origin, pattern and control. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2003; 10(3): 192–198.
[10] Dudka S, Adriano D C. Environmental impacts of metal ore mining and processing: A review. J.Environ.Qual., 1997; 26: 590–602.
[11] Douay F, Pelfrêne A, Planque J, Fourrier H, Richard A, Roussel H, et al. Assessment of potential health risk for inhabitants living near a former lead smelter. Part1: metal concentrations in soils, agricultural crops, and home grown vegetables. Environ. Monit. Assess., 2013; 185: 3665–3680.
[12] Li P, Lin C, Cheng H, Duan X, Lei K. Contamination and health risks of soil heavy metals around a lead/zinc smelter in southwestern China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2015; 113: 391–399.
[13] Bai L Y, Zeng X B, Su S M, Duan R, Wang Y N, Gao X. Heavy metal accumulation and source analysis in greenhouse soils of Wuwei District, Gansu Province, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015; 22(7): 5359–5369.
[14] Gil C, Boluda R, Ramos J. Determination and evaluation of cadmium, lead and nickel in greenhouse soils of Almerýìa (Spain). Chemosphere, 2004; 55(7): 1027–1034.
[15] Bolan N, Adriano D, Mahimairaja S. Distribution and bioavailability of trace elements in livestock and poultry manure by-products. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2004; 34(3): 291–338.
[16] Cang L, Wang Y, Zhou D, Dong Y. Heavy metals pollution in poultry and livestock feeds and manures under intensive farming in Jiangsu Province, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2004; 16(3): 371–374.
[17] Yang L, Huang B, Hu W, Chen Y, Mao M, Yao L. The impact of greenhouse vegetable farming duration and soil types on phytoavailability of heavy metals and their health risk in eastern China. Chemosphere, 2014; 103: 121–130.
[18] Bao S D. Soil analytical methods of agronomic chemistry. China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 2005.
[19] Hakanson L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: a sedimentological approach. Water Res., 1980; 14(8): 975–1001.
[20] Luo W, Lu Y, Giesy J P, Wang T, Shi Y, Wang G, et al. Effects of land use on concentrations of metals in surface soils and ecological risk around Guanting Reservoir, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2007; 29(6): 459–471.
[21] Cao H C, Luan Z Q, Wang J D, Zhang X L. Potential ecological risk of cadmium, lead and arsenic in agricultural black soil in Jilin Province, China. Stochastic Environmental Research & Risk Assessment, 2009; 23(1): 57–64.
[22] Chen Y, Jiang X, Wang Y, Zhuang D. Spatial characteristics of heavy metal pollution and the potential ecological risk of a typical mining area: A case study in China. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2018; 113: 204–219.
[23] Amuno S A. Potential ecological risk of heavy metal distribution in cemetery soils. Water Air & Soil Pollution, 2013; 224(2): 1–12.
[24] Hou D, He J, Lü C, Ren L, Fan Q, Wang J, et al. Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) in water and sediments from lake dalinouer, china. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 2013; 93(4): 135–144.
[25] Islam S, Ahmed K, Habibullah-Al-Mamun, Masunaga S. Potential ecological risk of hazardous elements in different land-use urban soils of bangladesh. Science of the Total Environment, 2015; 512–513: 94–102.
[26] Cui S, Fu Q, Guo L, Li Y F, Li T X, Ma W L, et al. Spatial–temporal variation, possible source and ecological risk of PCBs in sediments from Songhua River, China: Effects of PCB elimination policy and reverse management framework. Marine pollution bulletin, 2016); 106(1-2): 109–118.
[27] Xu L, Lu A, Wang J, Ma Z, Pan L, Feng X, et al. Accumulation status, sources and phytoavailability of metals in greenhouse vegetable production systems in Beijing, China. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2015; 122: 214–220.
[28] Yang L Q, Huang B, Mao M C, Yao L P, Hickethier M, Hu W Y. Trace metal accumulation in soil and their phytoavailability as affected by greenhouse types in north China. Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 2015; 22: 6679–6686.
[29] CNEPA, China National Environmental Protection Agency (CNEPA), Environmental Quality Evaluation Standard for Farmland of Greenhouse Vegetables Production. 2006. http://kjs.mep.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/stzl/ 200611/W020111221530938739315.pdf. Accessed on [2018-02-01].
[30] Sharma R K, Agrawal M, Marshall F. Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetables in suburban areas of Varanasi, India. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2007; 66(2): 258–266.
[31] Cong Z, Kang S, Zhang Y, Li X. Atmospheric wet deposition of trace elements to central Tibetan Plateau. Applied Geochemistry, 2010; 25(9): 1415–1421.
[32] Sakata M, Asakura K. Atmospheric dry deposition of trace elements at a site on Asian-continent side of Japan. Atmospheric Environment, 2011; 45(5): 1075–1083.
[33] Atafar Z, Mesdaghinia A, Nouri J, Homaee M, Yunesian M, Ahmadimoghaddam M, et al. Effect of fertilizer application on soil heavy metal concentration. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2010; 160(1): 83–89.
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Published
2019-04-06
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Lv, P., Wei, Z., Yu, Z., Zhang, J., & Wang, L. (2019). Heavy metal contamination in soils of greenhouse vegetable production systems in a cold region of China. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 12(2), 98–102. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/4306
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