Effects of spent mushroom substrate and slurry on nutritional value of grass and Medicago x varia T. Martyn mixtures
Keywords:
fertilizer, spent mushroom substrate, nutritional value, protein concentration, fibre concentrationAbstract
The paper aimed to evaluate fertilizing effects of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and slurry on dry matter productivity and value of legume-grass mixtures. The experiment was replicated three times, with a split-plot arrangement and plots of 3 m3 as experimental units. These species were grown as three legume-grass mixtures: M1–Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Medicago x varia T. Martyn; M2– Dactylis glomerata, Medicago x varia T. Martyn; M3–Lolium perenne, Medicago x varia T. Martyn. The experiment consisted of the following units: control (no fertilization); SMS (30 t/hm2); slurry (60 m3/hm2) (G); SMS (10 t/hm2) + slurry (60 m3/hm2); SMS (20 t/hm2) + slurry (40 m3/hm2); SMS mushroom substrate (30 t/hm2) + slurry (20 m3/hm2). During each growing season all the mixtures were harvested three times. The fresh matter from each plot was weighted and a sample of 0.6 kg was taken for further analysis. In the experiment the content of both total protein and crude fibre was dependent on the type of fertilizer and on the type of mixture. Forage from the plots with 20 t/hm2 of mushroom substrate and 40 m3/hm2 of slurry had the best nutritional value, with the highest amount of total protein. The contents of protein and crude fibre in the forage were more favourably affected by slurry than by spent mushroom substrate. Out of the mixtures from all plots, regardless of the type of fertilizer, the mixture consisting of Lolium perenne and Medicago x varia T. Martyn contained the highest content of protein. Keywords: fertilizer, spent mushroom substrate, nutritional value, protein concentration, fibre concentration DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181103.3726 Citation: Kazimierz J, Elżbieta M, Jacek S, Beata W, Anna K. Effects of spent mushroom substrate and slurry on nutritional value of grass and Medicago x varia T. Martyn mixtures. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(3): 61–66.References
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[32] Crème A, Rumpel C, Gastal F, Gil M L M, Chabbi A. Effects of grasses and a legume grown in monoculture or mixture on soil organic matter and phosphorus forms. Plant and Soil, 2015; 402, 117–128.
[2] Krzywiecki S, Szyszkowska A, Preś J. Nutritional value of red clover with meadow fescue mixtures depending on the contribution of components and conservation method. Rocz. Nauk. Zoot. Rozpr., 1991; 30: 83–96. (in Polish)
[3] Gaweł E. The effect of the way and frequency of utilization of lucerne-grass mixtures on their yield, botanical composition and quality. Water-Environment-Rural Areas, 2008; 24: 5–18. (in Polish)
[4] Bittman S, Waddington J, McCartney D H. Performance of alfalfa strains grown in mixture with smooth bromegrass as affected by management. Can. J. Plant Sci., 1991; 71: 1029–1037.
[5] Foster A, Vera C L, Malhi S S, Clarke F R. Forage yield of simple and complex grasslegume mixtures under two management strategies Can. J.
Plant Sci., 2014; 94: 41–50.
[6] Jankowski K., Jodełka J. Analysis of influence of climatic on feding and nutritive value of fourth Grass-legume mixtures. Zesz. Nauk. AP w Siedlcach. Rolnictwo, 2000; 57: 93-101. (in Polish)
[7] Eiland F, Leth M, Klamer M, Lind A M, Jensen, H.E.K., Iversen J J L. 2001. C and N turnover and lignocellulose degradation during composting of Miscanthus straw and liquid pig manure. Compost Science & Utilization, 2001; 9(3): 186–196
[8] Kryszak J. Economic value of legume-grass mixtures in field cultivation. Rocz. AR Poznań. Rozpr. Nauk., 2003; 338: 108. (in Polish)
[9] Wiśniewska-Kadżajan B, Jankowski K. Effect of mushroom substrate supplemented with minerals on yield of biomass and protein of orchard grass. Acta Agroph, 2015; 22(3): 335–344. (in Polish)
[10] Maszkiewicz J. Used mushroom substrate as fertilizer and fuel. In: Mushrooms. Mushroom Producer Bulletin. Wyd. Hortpress, 2010; 1: 59–60. (in Polish)
[11] Maher M J, Smyth S, Dodd V A, McCabe T, Magette W L, Duggan J, et al. Managing spent mushroom compost. Teagasc, Dublin, 2000; pp.111–121.
[12] Uzun I. Use of spent mushroom compost in sustainable fruit production. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res., 2004; 12: 157–165.
[13] Niżewski P, Dach J, Jędruś A. Management of mushrooms subgrade waste by composting process. J. Res. And Apel. Agricul. Engineer., 2006; 51(1): 24–27. (in Polish)
[14] Jordan S N, Mullen G J, Murphy M C. Composition variability of spent mushroom composts in Ireland. Bioresource Technology, 2008; 99: 411–418.
[15] Rutkowska B, Szulc W, Stępień W, Jobda J. Possibility of agricultural utilization of spent mushroom substrates. Advances of Agricultural Sciences Problem Issues, 2009; 535: 349–354. (in Polish)
[16] Wiśniewska-Kadżajan B. Assessment of usefulness of the substrate after mushrooms growing to plant fertilization. Environmental Protection and Natural Resources, 2012; 54: 165–176. (in Polish)
[17] Wiśniewska-Kadżajan B., Fertilization effect of mineral NPK, organic farmyard manure and mushroom’s compost on the content and uptaking of potassium and magnesium by the meadow sward. Folia Pomer. Univ. Technol. Stetin. Agric. Aliment. Pisc. Zootech., 2013; 304(26): 107–116. (In Polish)
[18] Kalembasa D, Majchrowska-Safaryan A. Affluence of the spent mushroom substrate from mushroom growing cellar. Advances of Agricultural Sciences Problem Issues, 2009; 535: 195–200. (in Polish)
[19] Rao J R, Watabe M, Stewart T A, Millar B C, Moore J E. Pelleted organomineral fertilizers from composted pig slurry solids, animal wastes and spent mushroom compost for amenity grasslands. Waste Management, 2007; 27: 1117–1128.
[20] Polat E, Uzun I H, Topcuoglu B, Önal K., Onus A N, Karaca M. Effects of spent mushroom compost on quality and productivity of cucumber (Cucumis dativus L.) grown in greenhouses. African J. of Biotechnology, 2009; 8(2): 176–180.
[21] Salomez J, De Bolle S, Sleutel S, De Neve S, Hofman G, Nutrient Legislation in Flanders (Belgium). Proceedings, More sustainability in agriculture: New fertilizers and fertilization management. Rome, 2009; pp.546–551.
[22] Szudyga K. Mushroom. In: Mushrooms. Mushroom Producer Bulletin. Wyd. Hortpress, 2011; 1, 8–13. (In Polish)
[23] Burns G A, Gilliland T J, Grogan D, O’Kiely P. Comparison of the agronomic effects of maturity and ploidy in perennial ryegrass. Grassland a European Resource? Red. Goliński P, Warda M, Stypiński P. EGF. Grassland Sciences and Europe, 2012; 17: 349–351.
[24] Becher M. Chemical composition of spent mushroom substrate after cultivation of agaricus bisporus as a waste organic material. Economics and Environment, 2013; 4(47): 207–213.
[25] Fagerberg, 1996; Fagerberg B. The quantitative effect of weather on growth and nutritional value of grass leys. 16th EGF Meeting on Grassland and Land Use Systems, 1996; pp.83–86.
[26] Tonn B, Bienvenu C, Isselstein J. Assessing quantity and quality of
grazed forage on multi-species swards. The role of grasslands in a green future. Red. Á. Helgadóttir. A. Hopkins. EGF. Grassland Sciences in Europe, 2013; 18: 82–84.
[27] Staniak M, Księżak J. Chemical composition of Festulolium braunii-Trifolium pratense mixtures in relation to nitrogen fertilisation and the share of components. Water-Environment-Rural Areas 2008; 2b(24): 163–173. (In Polish)
[28] Wróbel B, Zielińska K J, Fabiszewska A U. The effect of mineral NPK and organic fertilisation on the content of nutritive components and microbiological quality of the first regrowth of meadow sward. J. Res. Appl. Agr. Eng., 2012; 60(4): 129–134.
[29] Sosnowski J. The feed value of Festulolium braunii mixtures with red clover and alfalfa supplied with soil’s fertilizer. Grassland Science in Poland 2011; 14: 127–135. (in Polish)
[30] Sosnowski J. The effect of different factors on the quality of feed components. Ecol Chem Eng A., 2012; 9(11): 1331−1339.
[31] Wilczek M, Ćwintal M. Influence of fertilization on the content of basic organic and mineral components in alpha hybrid alfalfa harvested 3 and 4- times. Vol. I. Organic ingredients. Biul. IHAR, 1996; 197: 187–194. (in Polish)
[32] Crème A, Rumpel C, Gastal F, Gil M L M, Chabbi A. Effects of grasses and a legume grown in monoculture or mixture on soil organic matter and phosphorus forms. Plant and Soil, 2015; 402, 117–128.
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2018-06-01
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Jankowski, K., Malinowska, E., Sosnowski, J., Wiśniewska-Kadżajan, B., & Kaczorek, A. (2018). Effects of spent mushroom substrate and slurry on nutritional value of grass and Medicago x varia T. Martyn mixtures. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 11(3), 61–66. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/3726
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