Drift potential of UAV with adjuvants in aerial applications
Keywords:
spray drift, UAV, adjuvant, aerial application, drift potential evaluation, droplet sizeAbstract
The reduction of pesticide aerial spraying drift is still one of the major challenges in modern agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the drift potential of different types of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and adjuvant products for reducing spray drift in aerial applications. Three types of UAV (3WQF120-12 and 3CD-15 fuel oil powered single-rotor UAV and HY-B-15L battery powered single-rotor UAV) were selected in this study with regular application parameters to compare each spray drift, and 3WQF120-12 fuel oil powered UAV was selected to quantify spray drift of 6 adjuvants dissolved in water under field conditions. Solutions were marked with brillant sulfoflavin dye (BSF) at 0.1%. Petri dishes and rotary impactors were used to collect airborne and sediment drift, respectively. Drift deposits were evaluated by spectrophotometry in order to quantify deposits. The results showed that when the flight height was 1.5-2.0 m above the crop at the flight speed of 4-5 m/s and the average wind speed of 1.63-1.73 m/s, 3WQF120-12 fuel oil powered UAV had lower drift potential than the other two types; DV0.5 and percentage of droplets with diameter ≤75 μm had very significant effects on spray drift percentage (p=0.01); the risk of drift in agricultural spraying could be significantly decreased not only by reducing the percentage of fine droplets but also by changing droplet spectra. Compared to water, Silwet DRS-60, ASFA+B, T1602, Break-thru Vibrant, QF-LY and Tmax could reduce by 65%, 62%, 59%, 46%, 42%, and 19% spray drift, respectively. when water without adjuvants were sprayed, 90% of drift droplets were located within a range of 10.1 m of the target area while with 0.8% Silwet DRS-60 adjuvant in water, the distance was shortened to 6.4 m. Keywords: spray drift, UAV, adjuvant, aerial application, drift potential evaluation, droplet size DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181105.3185 Citation: Wang X N, He X K, Song J L, Wang Z C, Wang C L, Wang S L, et al. Drift potential of UAV with adjuvants in aerial applications. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(5): 54–58.References
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[18] Wang X N, He X K, Song J L, Herbst A. Effect of adjuvant types and concentration on spray drift potential of different nozzles. Transactions of the CSAE, 2015; 31(22): 49-55. (in Chinese)
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[20] Xue X Y, Qin W C, Zhu S, Zhang S C, Zhou L X, Wu P. Effects of N-3 UAV spraying methods on the efficiency of insecticides against planthoppers and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 2013; 40(3):273–278. (in Chinese)
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[2] Zhang D Y, Lan Y B, Chen L P, Wang X, Liang D. Current status and future trends of agricultural aerial spraying technology in China. Transactions of the CSAM, 2014; 45(10): 53–59. (in Chinese)
[3] Kirk I W. Aerial spray drift from different formulations of glyphosate. Transactions of the ASAE, 2000; 43(3): 555.
[4] Oliveira R B D, Antuniassi U R., Mota A A , Chechetto, R G. Potential of adjuvants to reduce drift in agricultural spraying. Engenharia Agricola, 2013; 33(5): 986–992.
[5] Hilz E, Vermeer A W P. Spray drift review: The extent to which a formulation can contribute to spray drift reduction. Crop Protection, 2013; 44: 75-83.
[6] Nuyttens D, de Schampheleire M, Steurbaut W, Baetens K, Verboven P. Experimental study of factors influencing the risk of drift from field sprayers, Part 2: Spray application technique. Aspects Applied Biology, Wellesbourne, 2006; 77: 331–339.
[7] Wolf R E, Gardisser D R, Loughin T M. Comparison of drift reducing/deposition aid tank mixes for fixed wing aerial applications. Journal of ASTM International, 2005; 2(8): 1–14.
[8] Beck B, Brusselman E, Nuyttens D, Moens M, Pollet S. Improving foliar applications of entomopathogenic nematodes by selecting adjuvants and spray nozzles. Biocontrol Science and Technology, Oxford, 2013; 23(5): 508–520.
[9] Wolf R E, Gardisser D R, Minihan C. Comparing drift reducing tank mixes for aerial applications. Agricultural Aviation, 2003; 30(2): 14–21.
[10] Elsik C M, Stridde H M, Schweiner T M. Spray drift reduction technology adjuvant evaluation. Journal of ASTM International, 2010; 7(7): 1–19.
[11] Lan Y, Hoffmann W C, Fritz B K, Martin D E, Lopez J D. Spray drift mitigation with spray mix adjuvants. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2008; 24(1): 5–10.
[12] Hoffmann W C, Hewitt A J, Ross J B, Bagley W E, Martin D E. Spray adjuvant effects on droplet size spectra measured by three laser-based systems in a high-speed wind tunnel. Journal of ASTM international, 2008; 5(6): 1–12.
[13] Smith D B, Bode L E, Gerard P D. Predicting ground boom spray drift. Transactions of the ASAE, 2000; 43(3): 547–553.
[14] Fritz B K, Hoffmann W C, Kruger G R, Henry R S, Hewitt A, Czaczyk Z. Comparison of drop size data from ground and aerial application nozzles at three testing laboratories. Atomization and Sprays, Danbury, 2014; 24(2): 181–192.
[15] Woods N, Craig I P, Dorr G, Young B. Spray drift of pesticides arising from aerial application in cotton. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2001; 30(3): 697–701.
[16] Costa A G F, Miller P C H, Tuck C R. The development of wind tunnel protocols for spray drift risk assessment. Aspects of Applied Biology, Wellesbourne, 2006; 77(2): 289–294.
[17] Nuyttens D, Taylor W A, de Schampheleire M, Verboven P, Dekeyser D. Influence of nozzle type and size on drift potential by means of different wind tunnel evaluation methods. Biosystems Engineering, London, 2009; 103(3): 271–280.
[18] Wang X N, He X K, Song J L, Herbst A. Effect of adjuvant types and concentration on spray drift potential of different nozzles. Transactions of the CSAE, 2015; 31(22): 49-55. (in Chinese)
[19] Zhang J, He X K, Song J L, Zeng A J, Liu Y J. Influence of spraying parameters of unmanned aircraft on droplets deposition. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012; 43(12): 94–96. (in Chinese)
[20] Xue X Y, Qin W C, Zhu S, Zhang S C, Zhou L X, Wu P. Effects of N-3 UAV spraying methods on the efficiency of insecticides against planthoppers and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 2013; 40(3):273–278. (in Chinese)
[21] Xue X Y, Tu K, Qin W C, Lan Y B, Zhang H H. Drift and deposition of ultra-low altitude and low volume application in paddy field. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2014; 7(4): 23–28.
[22] Huang Y, Thomson S J. Spray deposition and drift characteristics of a low drift nozzle for aerial application at different application altitudes. ASABE Annual International Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20-23, 2010; pp.413–421.
[23] Nuyttens D, Zdekeyser I, Dekeyser D. Comparison between drift test bench results and other drift assessment techniques. Aspects of Applied Biology: International Advances in Pesticide Application, 2014; 122(2): 293–301.
[24] Stainier C, Destain M F, Schiffers B, Lebeau F. Droplet size spectra and drift effect of two phenmedipham formulations and four adjuvants mixtures. Crop Protection, 2006; 25(12): 1238–1243.
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Published
2018-09-29
How to Cite
Wang, X., He, X., Song, J., Wang, Z., Wang, C., Wang, S., … Meng, Y. (2018). Drift potential of UAV with adjuvants in aerial applications. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 11(5), 54–58. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/3185
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Applied Science, Engineering and Technology
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