Effects of nano carbon on soil erosion and nutrient loss in a semi-arid loess region of Northwestern China
Keywords:
nano carbon, soil erosion, rainfall simulation tests, runoff, sediment, nutrient loss, semi-arid loess regionAbstract
Since 2005, the application of nano carbon (NC) in agriculture and environmental remediation has received considerable attention with most of the research focusing on plant growth and heavy metal absorption. However, little is known about the potential effects of NC on soil erosion and nutrient loss. In this study, rainfall simulation tests were conducted on a soil plot (1 m × 1 m, located in a semi-arid loess region of northwestern China), in which a mixture (5-cm below the soil surface) of NC (0, 0.1%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1.0% on a mass base) and sandy soil (same as the one in the plot) was embedded as three bands (5 cm wide, 1 m long and 5 cm thick) at the three positions (top, middle and bottom of the plot), respectively. Before the rainfall simulation test, a mixed solution of potassium bromide (1.0 mol/L KBr), potassium nitrate (1.0 mol/L KNO3), monopotassium phosphate (1.0 mol/L KH2PQ4) was sprayed on the soil surface. Results showed that the sandy soil on the Loess Plateau with 0.7% NC addition (36.47 kg/hm2 on a mass basis) could improve soil water runoff, sediment yield, and nutrient loss in the semi-arid loess region of northwestern China, in addition to preventing soil water from deep percolation. Therefore, NC may have a great potential in soil erosion control on the Loess Plateau of China. Keywords: nano carbon, soil erosion, rainfall simulation tests, runoff, sediment, nutrient loss, semi-arid loess region DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181101.2775 Citation: Zhou B B, Chen X P, Wang Q J, Wei W, Zhang T C. Effects of nano carbon on soil erosion and nutrient loss in a semi-arid loess region of Northwestern China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(1): 138–145.References
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[2] Chen H S, Shao M A, Li Y Y. Soil desiccation in the Loess Plateau of China. Geoderma, 2008; 143(1): 91–100.
[3] Huang Y M, Liu D, An S S. Effects of slope aspect on soil nitrogen and microbial properties in the Chinese Loess region. Catena, 2015; 125(2): 135–145.
[4] Li Y S. Relation between control in Loess Plateau and No-flow in the Yellow River. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conser, 1997; 17(6): 41–45. (in Chinese)
[5] He X B, Li Z B, Hao M D, Tang K L, Zheng F L. Down-scale analysis for water scarcity in response to soil-water conservation on Loess Plateau of China. Agricul, Ecosystems and Environ, 2003; 94: 355–361.
[6] Chen Y X, Wang K B, Lin Y S, Shi W Y, Song Y, He X H. Balancing green and grain trade. Nature Geosci, 2015; 8(10): 739–740.
[7] Busscher W, Novak J M, Ahmedna M. Physical effects of organic matter amendment of a Southeastern US coastal loamy sand. Soil Science, 2011; 176: 661–667.
[8] Wang C, Walter M T, Parlange J Y. Modeling simple experiments of biochar erosion from soil. Journal of Hydrology, 2013; 499: 140–145.
[9] Busch D, Kammann C, Grünhage L, Müller C. Simple biotoxicity tests forevaluation of carbonaceous soil additives: establishment and reproducibility off our test procedures. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2012; 41: 1023–1032.
[10] Kammann C, Ratering S, Eckhard C, Müller C. Biochar and hydrochar effects on greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide nitrous oxide, and methane) fluxes from soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2012; 41: 1052–1066.
[11] Xiao Q, Zhang F D, Wang Y Y, Zhang J F, Zhang S Q. Effects of slow/controlled release fertilizers felted and coated by nano- materials on crop yield and quality. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2008; 14(5): 951–955. (in Chinese)
[12] Srinivasan C, Saraswathi R. Nano-agriculture-carbon nanotubes enhance tomato seed germination and plant growth. Current science, 2010; 99(3): 274–275.
[13] Lu C M, Zhang C Y, Wen J Q, Wu G R, Tao M X. Research of the effect of nanometer material on germination and growth enhancement of Glycine max and its mechanism. Soybean Science, 2002; 21(3): 168–171. (in Chinese)
[14] Wang Y, Han Z, Zhang Z M, Liu J. Effect of Nano-carbon on soybean growth. Humic Acid, 2010; 7(4): 17–25. (in Chinese)
[15] Khodakovskaya M, Dervishi E, Mahmood M, Xu Y, Li Z R, Watanabe F, et al. Carbon nanotubes are able to penetrate plant seed coat and dramatically affect seed germination and plant growth. Acs Nano, 2009; 3(10): 3221–3227.
[16] Li Y D. Effect of Nano carbon on growth of rice yield and nutrient use efficiency. China Rice, 2011; 19(1): 44–46. (in Chinese)
[17] Tan S, Zhou B B, Wang Q J. Effect of nano-carbon on water infiltration process in disturbed loessal soil. Acta Pedologica Sinca, 2014; 51(3): 263–269. (in Chinese)
[18] Tan S, Zhou B B, Wang Q J. Effect of nanocarbon on the hydraulic parameters and the solute transport process for disturbed loessial soil. Arabian J. Geosci, 2016; 9(1): 1–13.
[19] Lv J B, Zhou B B, Wang Q J. Effects of nano carbon mixing layer under the surface of soil on infiltration process. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015; 12: 15–21. (in Chinese).
[20] Marinari S, Masciandaro G, Ceccanti B, Grego S. Influence of organic and mineral fertilisers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Technology, 2002; 72: 9–17.
[21] Hillel D. Introduction to soil physics. Academic Press: New York, 1982.
[22] Zhou B B, Hu Z C, Wang Q J. Patent: A portable simulated rainfall device, 2015; CN 204583541 U.
[23] Norman H A, Thompson G A. Quantitative analysis of Dunaliella salina diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine and its individual molecular species by high performance liquid chromatography. Plant Science, 1985; 42(2): 83–87.
[24] Walton R S, Volker R E, Bristow K L, Smettem K R J. Experimental examination of solute transport by surface runoff from low-angles slopes. Journal of Hydrology, 2000; 233(1-4): 19–36.
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[26] Xu G C, Tang S S, Lu K X, Li P, Li Z B, Gao H D, et al. Runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall on sand-covered slopes in a region subject to wind–water erosion. Environ Earth Science, 2015; 74: 2523–2530
[27] Chen L D, Wei W, Fu B J, Lu Y H. Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China: review and perspective. Progress Physical Geography, 2007; 31(4): 389–403.
[28] Wang H, Wang Q J, Shao M A. Laboratory experiments of soil nutrient transfer in the loess slope with surface runoff during simulated rainfall. Transactions of the CSAE, 2006; 22(6): 39–43. (in Chinese)
[29] Ouyang W, Skidmore A K, Hao F H, Wang T J. Soil erosion dynamics response to landscape pattern. Science of the Total Environment, 2001; 408: 1358–1366.
[30] Zhu M, Zhou X Q, Zhai Z F. Research progresses in technological innovation and integration of agricultural engineering. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2016; 9(6): 1–9.
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Published
2018-01-31
How to Cite
Zhou, B., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Wei, W., & Zhang, T. (2018). Effects of nano carbon on soil erosion and nutrient loss in a semi-arid loess region of Northwestern China. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 11(1), 138–145. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/2775
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