Preparation of bio-oil by catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalks using red mud
Keywords:
red mud, catalytic pyrolysis, corn stalk powder, bio-oilAbstract
Abstract: Red mud is a solid waste residue with alkaline nature (pH>12)-originating from the Bayer process in the production of alumina, which was probed in catalytic pyrolysis to determine its feasibility as a solid catalyst for bio-oil formulation. The red mud was characterized using X-ray fluorescence, XRD (X-ray diffraction), TG-DTG (thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry), BET (surface area and pore size analyzer) measuring and testing techniques. Experiments of non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of 40-60 mesh size corn stalk powder were channelled for bio-oil production in a fixed bed reactor. It was ascertained that adding different proportions of red mud had minute influence on bio-oil production rate and product distribution. The study signaled that liquid yield from the catalytic pyrolysis was lower than that from non-catalytic pyrolysis. Through a series of bio-oil characterization, it was encountered that the most obviously change in the bio-oil from catalytic pyrolysis was significant acidity reduction (pH>4). Meanwhile, the content of ketones and phenols was enhanced. Hence, the co-processing of agricultural waste and by-products alumina industry may offer an economical and environmentally friendly way of catalytic pyrolysis with abbreviating the red mud environmental effects. Keywords: red mud, catalytic pyrolysis, corn stalk powder, bio-oil DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20160905.2214 Citation: Wang S Q, Xu M L, Wang F, Li Z H. Preparation of bio-oil by catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalks using red mud. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2016; 9(5): 177-183.References
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[3] Bridgwater A V. Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2012; 38: 68–94.
[4] Li P, Wang X H, Shao J A, Yang H P, Chen H P. Effect of HZSM-5 catalyst with different Si/Al ratios on characterization of pyrolysis bio-oil. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014; 30(20): 252–258. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] Uzun B B, Sarioğlu N. Rapid and catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalks. Fuel Processing Technology, 2009; 90(5): 705–716.
[6] Wang D H, Xiao R, Zhang H Y, He G Y. Comparison of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass with MCM-41 and CaO catalysts by using TGA–FTIR analysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2010; 89(2): 171–177.
[7] Kim S C, Nahm S W, Park Y K. Property and performance of red mud-based catalysts for the complete oxidation of volatile organic compound. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015; 300: 104–113.
[8] Kumar S, Kumar R, Bandopadhyay A. Innovative methodologies for the utilization of wastes from metallurgical and allied industries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2006; 48: 301–314.
[9] Wang S B, Ang H.M, Tade M O. Novel applications of red mud as coagulant, adsorbent and catalyst for environmentally benign processes. Chemosphere, 2008; 72: 1621–1635.
[10] Karimi E, Teixeira I F, Gomez. Synergistic co-processing of an acidic hardwood derived pyrolysis bio-oil with alkaline Red Mud bauxite mining waste as a sacrificial upgrading catalyst. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2014; 145: 187–196.
[11] Liu Q, Xin R R, Li C C, Xu C L, Yang J. Application of red mud as a basic catalyst for biodiesel production. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2013; 25(4): 823–829.
[12] Zhao Y Q, Yue Q Y, Li Q, Gao B Y, Han S X, Yu H. The regeneration characteristics of various red mud granular adsorbents (RMGA) for phosphate removal using different desorption reagents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010; 182: 309–316.
[13] Kumar P, Barrett D M, Delwiche M J, Stroeve P. Method for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient hydrolysis and biofuel production. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. 2009; 48: 3713–3729.
[14] Peterson A A, Vogel F, Lachance R P, Froling M, Antal M J. Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: a review of sub- and supercritical water technologies. Energy and Environmental Science, 2008; 1: 32–65.
[15] Branca C, Giudicianni P, Blasi C D. GC/MS characterization of liquids generated from low-temperature pyrolysis of wood, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 2003; 42(14): 3190–3202.
[16] Lv P M, Xiong Z H, Chang J, Wu C Z, Chen Y, Zhu J X. An experimental study on biomass air–steam gasification in a fluidized bed. Bioresource Technology, 2004; 95: 95–101.
[17] Bu Q, Lei H, Ren S, Wang L, Holladay J, Zhang Q, et al. Phenol and phenolics from lignocellulosic biomass by catalytic microwave pyrolysis. Bioresource Technology, 2011; 102(13): 7004–7007.
[18] Zou Y, Wei Q, Zheng J L, Li H W, Ma X H. Optimization of the technology of enriching phenolic components from bio-oil. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2016; 31(1): 226–230. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] Lu H, Khan A, Smirnioti P G. Relationship between structural properties and CO2 capture performance of CaO-based sorbents obtained from different organometallic precursors. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2008; 47(16): 6216–6220.
[20] Zhang A H, Ma Q S, Wang K S, Liu X, Shuler P, Tang Y. Naphthenic acid removal from crude oil through catalytic decarboxylation on magnesium oxide. Applied Catalysis (A): General, 2006; 303(1): 103–109.
[21] Yanik J, Kornmayer C, Saglam M, Yüksel M. Fast pyrolysis of agricultural wastes: characterization of pyrolysis products. Fuel Processing Technology, 2007; 88: 942–947.
[22] Blasi C D, Branca C, Errico D. Degradation characteristics of straw and washed straw. Thermochimica Acta, 2000; 364: 133–142.
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Published
2016-09-30
How to Cite
Shaoqing, W., Meili, X., Fang, W., & Zhihe, L. (2016). Preparation of bio-oil by catalytic pyrolysis of corn stalks using red mud. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 9(5), 177–183. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/2214
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Renewable Energy and Material Systems
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