Measurement and evaluation of whole body vibration of agricultural tractor operator
Keywords:
agricultural tractor, whole body vibration, tractor operator, driving safety, ride comfort, test standard, health riskAbstract
Exposure of whole body vibration (WBV) influences performance, comfort, and long term health risks of tractor operator. Therefore, measurement and evaluation of WBV parameters should be carried out to find probable effects on the health of tractor operators. In this study, a system was designed to measure the WBV of agricultural tractor operators and evaluated the hazard risks on operator’s body according to the ISO standards, and implementation of the WBV test in the official testing station was also suggested. A tri-axial accelerometer was employed to measure vibrations transmitted to the seated operator body as a whole through the supporting surface of the buttock on four typical farm roads under different speeds. The vector sum A(8) exposures on the rough tracks (earthen and grassland roads) exceeded the action limits of 0.5 m/s2 at a 10.9 km/h forward speed and reached to the action limit value at a 16.0 km/h forward speed on the concrete road. The vector sum of VDV(8) exposures did not exceed the action limits of 9.1 m/s1.75 and was greater on the grassland road. The vector sum Sed(8) exposures values exceeded the moderate probability of an adverse health limit of 0.5 MPa on all farm roads at high forward speeds and exceeded the high probability of an adverse health limit of 0.8 MPa on asphalt, concrete, and grassland roads which should be lower than the exposure limit values as suggested by the ISO and EC standards. The WBV evaluation procedure should be considered for implementation at the official tractor test station, which would response to domestic and international tractor test regulations and improve the market competitiveness. Keywords: agricultural tractor, whole body vibration, tractor operator, driving safety, ride comfort, test standard, health risk DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20171001.2113 Citation: Kabir Md S N, Chung S-O, Kim Y-J, Sung N-S, Hong S-J. Measurement and evaluation of whole body vibration of agricultural tractor operator. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2017; 10(1): 248–255.References
[1] Kabir M S, Ryu M J, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Choi C H, Hong S J, et al. Research trends for performance, safety, and comfort evaluation of agricultural tractors: A review. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2014; 39(1): 21–33.
[2] Kabir M S, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Hong S J. Comparison of Test standards for performance and safety of agricultural tractors: A review. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2014; 39(3): 158–165.
[3] Kabir M S, Song M Z, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Kim S C, Ha J K. Visibility evaluation for agricultural tractor operators according to ISO 5006 and 5721-1 standards. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2015; 40(1): 19–27.
[4] Scarlett A J, Price J S, Stayner R M. Whole-body vibration: Evaluation of emission and exposure levels arising from agricultural tractors. Journal of Terramechanics, 2007; 44: 65–73.
[5] Goering C E, StoneM L, Smith D W, Turnquist P K. Human factors and safety. Chapter 15 in Off-Road Vehicle Engineering Principles. 2003. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pp 421–462.
[6] Newell G S, Mansfield N J. Evaluation of reaction time performance and subjective workload during whole-body vibration exposure while seated in upright and twisted postures with and without armrests. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2008; 38: 499–508.
[7] Rimell A N, Mansfield N J. Design of digital filters for frequency weightings required for risk assessments of workers exposed to vibration. Industrial Health, 2007; 45: 512–9.
[8] Marsili A, Ragni L, Santoro G, Servadio P, Vassalini G. Innovative systems to reduce vibrations on agricultural tractors: comparative analysis of acceleration transmitted through the driving seat. Biosystems Engineering, 2002; 81(1): 35–47.
[9] Hansson P A. Working space requirement for an agricultural tractor axle suspension. Biosystems Engineering, 2002; 81(1): 51–57.
[10] Bouazara M, Richard M J, Rakheja S. Safety and comfort analysis of a 3-D vehicle model with optimal non-linear active seat suspension. Journal of Terramechanics, 2006; 43: 97–118.
[11] Deprez K, Moshou D, Ramon H. Comfort improvement of a non-linear suspension using global optimization and in situ measurements. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2005; 284: 1003–1014.
[12] Deprez K, Moshou D, Anthonis J, Baerdemaeker J D, Ramon H. Improvement of vibrational comfort by passive and semi-active cabin suspensions. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2005; 49: 431–440.
[13] Park M S, Fukuda T, Kim T, Maeda S. Health risk evaluation of whole-body vibration by ISO 2631-5 and ISO 2631-1 for operators of agricultural tractors and recreational vehicles. Industrial Health, 2013; 51: 364–370.
[14] ISO 2631-1: 1997. Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 1: General requirements. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[15] ISO 2631-5:2004. Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 5: Methods for evaluation of vibration containing multiple shocks. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[16] ISO 5008: 2002. Agricultural wheeled tractors and field machinery - Measurement of whole-body vibration of the operator. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[17] Scarlett A J, Price J S, Stayner R M. Whole-body vibration: Initial evaluation of emissions originating from modern agricultural tractors. Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Contract Research Report No. 413/2002 – HSE Books, ISBN 0717622762, 2002.
[18] ISO 10326-1: 1992. Mechanical vibration - Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[19] ISO 5348: 1982. Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical mounting of accelerometers. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[20] Deboli R, Calvo A, Preti C. Comparison between ISO 5008 and field WBV tractor values. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2012; 43(2): 49–54.
[2] Kabir M S, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Hong S J. Comparison of Test standards for performance and safety of agricultural tractors: A review. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2014; 39(3): 158–165.
[3] Kabir M S, Song M Z, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Kim S C, Ha J K. Visibility evaluation for agricultural tractor operators according to ISO 5006 and 5721-1 standards. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2015; 40(1): 19–27.
[4] Scarlett A J, Price J S, Stayner R M. Whole-body vibration: Evaluation of emission and exposure levels arising from agricultural tractors. Journal of Terramechanics, 2007; 44: 65–73.
[5] Goering C E, StoneM L, Smith D W, Turnquist P K. Human factors and safety. Chapter 15 in Off-Road Vehicle Engineering Principles. 2003. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pp 421–462.
[6] Newell G S, Mansfield N J. Evaluation of reaction time performance and subjective workload during whole-body vibration exposure while seated in upright and twisted postures with and without armrests. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2008; 38: 499–508.
[7] Rimell A N, Mansfield N J. Design of digital filters for frequency weightings required for risk assessments of workers exposed to vibration. Industrial Health, 2007; 45: 512–9.
[8] Marsili A, Ragni L, Santoro G, Servadio P, Vassalini G. Innovative systems to reduce vibrations on agricultural tractors: comparative analysis of acceleration transmitted through the driving seat. Biosystems Engineering, 2002; 81(1): 35–47.
[9] Hansson P A. Working space requirement for an agricultural tractor axle suspension. Biosystems Engineering, 2002; 81(1): 51–57.
[10] Bouazara M, Richard M J, Rakheja S. Safety and comfort analysis of a 3-D vehicle model with optimal non-linear active seat suspension. Journal of Terramechanics, 2006; 43: 97–118.
[11] Deprez K, Moshou D, Ramon H. Comfort improvement of a non-linear suspension using global optimization and in situ measurements. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2005; 284: 1003–1014.
[12] Deprez K, Moshou D, Anthonis J, Baerdemaeker J D, Ramon H. Improvement of vibrational comfort by passive and semi-active cabin suspensions. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2005; 49: 431–440.
[13] Park M S, Fukuda T, Kim T, Maeda S. Health risk evaluation of whole-body vibration by ISO 2631-5 and ISO 2631-1 for operators of agricultural tractors and recreational vehicles. Industrial Health, 2013; 51: 364–370.
[14] ISO 2631-1: 1997. Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 1: General requirements. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[15] ISO 2631-5:2004. Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 5: Methods for evaluation of vibration containing multiple shocks. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[16] ISO 5008: 2002. Agricultural wheeled tractors and field machinery - Measurement of whole-body vibration of the operator. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[17] Scarlett A J, Price J S, Stayner R M. Whole-body vibration: Initial evaluation of emissions originating from modern agricultural tractors. Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Contract Research Report No. 413/2002 – HSE Books, ISBN 0717622762, 2002.
[18] ISO 10326-1: 1992. Mechanical vibration - Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[19] ISO 5348: 1982. Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical mounting of accelerometers. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO.
[20] Deboli R, Calvo A, Preti C. Comparison between ISO 5008 and field WBV tractor values. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2012; 43(2): 49–54.
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Published
2017-01-23
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Kabir, M. S. N., Chung, S.-O., Kim, Y.-J., Sung, N.-S., & Hong, S.-J. (2017). Measurement and evaluation of whole body vibration of agricultural tractor operator. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 10(1), 248–255. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/2113
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Safety, Health and Ergonomics
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