Evaluation of operator visibility in three different cabins type Far-East combine harvesters
Keywords:
combine harvester, cabin, operator visibility, field of view, evaluation system, ergonomics, safety and comfortAbstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a visibility evaluation system for the cabin type Far-East combine harvester. The human field of view has been classified into five levels (perceptive, effective, stable gaze, induced, and auxiliary) depending on the rotation of the human head and eye. The divider, reaper lever, gearshift, dashboard, and conveying component were considered as major viewpoints of the cabin type Far-East combine harvester. The visibility of the cabin type Far-East combine harvester was evaluated quantitatively using viewpoints and human field of view levels. The visibility evaluation system for the cabin type Far-East combine harvester consisted of a laser pointer, stepping motors to control the directions of the view, gyro sensors to measure horizontal and vertical angles, and I/O interface to acquire the signals. The visibility evaluation tests were conducted at different postures ('sitting straight', 'sitting with a 15° tilt', 'standing straight', and 'standing with a 15° tilt') for three cabin type Far-East combine harvesters. The LSD (least significant difference) multiple comparison tests showed that the visibilities of viewpoints differed significantly as the operator's posture changed. The results showed that the posture while standing with a 15° tilt provided the best visibility. The average visibility scores at sitting postures were 22.3 (straight) and 24.4 (15° tilt), and the scores at standing postures were 18.7 (straight) and 29.5 (15° tilt). Also, the average visibility scores were observed in order from highest to lowest as reaper lever (44.6), divider (28.7), dashboard (23.1), conveying part (12.2), and gearshift lever (10.1). Most viewpoints of the cabin type Far-East combine harvester were out of the stable gaze field of the view level. Modifications of the cabin type Far-East combine harvester design will be required to enhance the visibility during harvesting operation and to improve safety and convenience of farmers. Keywords: combine harvester, cabin, operator visibility, field of view, evaluation system, ergonomics, safety and comfort DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20160904.1850 Citation: Lee D H, Kim Y J, Choi C H, Chung S O. Evaluation of operator visibility in three different cabins type Far-East combine harvesters. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2016; 9(4): 33-44.References
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[26] Choi J H. A study on the visibility factors for seating packaging. J. of the Res. Inst. of Prod. Tech. 1999; 2: 19–29.
[27] Choi C H, Kim J D, Kim T H, Mun J H, Kim Y J. A study on visibility evaluation for cabin type combine. J. of Biosystems Eng., 2009; 34(2): 120–126.
[2] Kim C H, Jung H J, Jo J S, Kim M I , Lee B H, Park T J, Seo K W, Kim H T. Impact of sound insulation in a combine cabin. J. of Biosystems Eng., 2015; 40(3): 159–164.
[3] Drury C G, Clement M R. The effect of area, density, and number of background characters on visual search. Human Factors, 1978; 20(5): 597–602.
[4] Barron P J, Owende P M O, McDonnell K P, Ward S M. A method for assessment of degradation of task visibility from operator cabins of field machines. Ind. Ergonomics, 2005; 35: 665–673.
[5] Collins J W, Landen D D, Kisner S M, Johnston J J, Chin S F, Kennedy R D. Fatal occupational injuries associated with forklift, United States, 1980–1994, American J. Ind. Med., 1999; 36: 504–512.
[6] Collins J W, Smith G S, Baker S P, Warner M. Injuries related to forklifts and other powered industrial vehicles in automobile manufacturing. American J. Ind. Med., 1999; 36: 513–521.
[7] Kim Y J, Lim D S, Lee S S, Mun J H. Ergonomic analysis of combine task. In Proc. KSAM 2008 Winter Conf., 2008; 13(1): 60–64.
[8] Hutter G M. Earthmoving equipment-an operator’s field of view (SAE Standard J1091), Safety and Forensic Eng. J., 2000; 2.
[9] NIOSH. Highway work zone safety, construction equipment visibility – manual method. Atlanta, USA: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2012.
[10] ISO. ISO standard 5006: Earth-moving machinery – Operator’s field of view – Test method and performance criteria. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization. 2006.
[11] ISO. ISO standard 5721-1: Agricultural tractors – Requirements, test procedures and acceptance criteria for the operator’s field of vision – Part 1: Field of vision to the front. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization. 2013.
[12] Kabir M S N, Song M, Chung S O, Kim Y J, Kim S C, Ha J K. Visibility evaluation for agricultural tractor operators according to ISO 5006 and 5721-1 standards. J. of Biosystems Engineering, 2015; 40(1): 19–27.
[13] Hella F, Tisserand M, Schouller J F, Englert M. A new technique for checking the driving visibility on hydraulic excavators. Intl. J. Ind. Ergonomics, 1991; 8: 135–145.
[14] Esteve B, Aoussat A, Berger H. Various systems for measuring a car’s visibility field. Intl. J. Vehicle Design, 2000; 25: 70–78.
[15] Choi C B, Park P, Kim Y H, Hallbeck M S, Jung M C. Comparison of visibility measurement techniques for forklift truck design factors. Appl. Ergonomics, 2009; 40: 280–285.
[16] Dassault Systems. CATIA Version 5 Release 13 Human Builder. France: Dassult Systems, 2004.
[17] KATS. KS R ISO 7397: Passenger cars-verification of driver's direct field of view. Gwacheon, Korea: Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, 2002.
[18] European Parliament. Directive 2008/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 on the field of vision and windscreen wipers for wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors. Official Journal of the European Union, 2008; OJ L 24, 29.1: 30–38.
[19] Ferrari E, Cavalllo E. Operators’ Perception of Comfort in Two Tractor Cabs. Int. J. Technology, Policy and Management, 2013; 19(1): 3–18.
[20] Ryu T B, Shin S W, Yoo H C. Development of a quantitative visibility evaluation system for the design of an occupant packaging layout. In Proc. KIIE 2004 Spring Conf., 2004; pp.659–662.
[21] Jang S R. Human engineering, Seoul, Korea: Dasom. 2001.
[22] Nakaji Y, Kitazaki S, Kato K, Hijikata S, Hirao A. Display apparatus and method for automotive vehicle. US patent No. 6556134.
[23] KOSTAT. Agricultural population by age. Daejeon, Korea: Statistics Korea. 2008.
[24] KATS. The 5th Korean critical anthropometric measurement report. Gwacheon, Korea: Korean Agency for Technology and Standards. Size Korea, 2005.
[25] ISO. ISO 2631-1: Mechanical vibration and shock -evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 1: General requirements. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO. 1997.
[26] Choi J H. A study on the visibility factors for seating packaging. J. of the Res. Inst. of Prod. Tech. 1999; 2: 19–29.
[27] Choi C H, Kim J D, Kim T H, Mun J H, Kim Y J. A study on visibility evaluation for cabin type combine. J. of Biosystems Eng., 2009; 34(2): 120–126.
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Published
2016-07-31
How to Cite
Lee, D. H., Kim, Y. J., Choi, C. H., Chung, S. O., Nam, Y. S., & So, J. H. (2016). Evaluation of operator visibility in three different cabins type Far-East combine harvesters. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 9(4), 33–44. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/1850
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Power and Machinery Systems
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