Sunlight multiband photon flux density detection based on PFD calculation model
Keywords:
photosynthetic available radiatio (PAR), photon flux density (PFD), solar altitude, detection, modelAbstract
The sunlight provides essential light and temperature for photosynthesis in protected cultivation. Sunlight is one of the important plant living environment factors in facility agriculture. Most of the existing light detecting equipment are used to detect the whole band of Photosynthetic Available Radiatio (PAR), which is unable to meet the demand of modern photosynthesis research. In order to solve the problem, a function model between single-band spectral Photon Flux Density (PFD) and solar altitude was established through experiments. Based on the model, a sunlight multiband PFD detecting device was designed, which was using a PAR sensor as the detecting node and microcontroller as the core part. This device can detect the PFD of different bands in PAR by using a single sensor. Meanwhile, detecting band can be set by using keyboard according to the characteristic of spectrum absorption of different plants. The secure digital memory card (SD card) was used in the device to store data. Results of the field test showed that determination coefficients of the device testing red and blue PFD with standard value were 0.986 and 0.993 respectively. The device with little relative error and high reliability could be applied in facility light detecting. Keywords: photosynthetic available radiatio (PAR), photon flux density (PFD), solar altitude, detection, model DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20150802.1293References
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[2] Zhang L B, Yang Q H, Bao G J, Wang Y, et al. Overview of research on agricultural robots in China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2008; 1 (1): 12–14.
[3] Gao Q L, Liang W J, Duan A W. Light characteristics and its changing laws in solar greenhouse. Transactions of the CSAE, 2003; 19(3): 200–204. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] Pinho P, Hytonen T, Rantanen M, Elomaa P, Halonen L. Dynamic control of supplemental lighting intensity in a greenhouse environment. Lighting Research and Technology, 2013; 45(3): 295–304.
[5] Hamamoto H, Hoshi T, Ojima K, Yamazaki K. Yield-increasing Effect and Economical Efficiency of Supplemental Lighting inside Tomato Canopy in Some Lighting Schedules. Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku, 2010; 22(2): 95–99.
[6] Hao X M, Papadopoulos A P. Effects of supplemental lighting and cover materials on growth, photosynthesis, biomass partitioning, early yield and quality of greenhouse cucumber. Scientia Horticulturae, 1999; 80(1): 1–18.
[7] Wang G H, Chen L Z, Li G B, Li D H, Hu C X, Chen H F, et al. Improving photosynthesis of microalgae by changing the ratio of light-harvesting pigments. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005; 50(15): 1622–1626.
[8] Zhou C, Yang Y F, Wang K. Effect of red and blue spectrum on photosynthesis physiological characteristics of two ecotypes of leymus chinensis. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2008; 28(7): 1441–1444.
[9] Borisov B A, Bykov O D. Spectral changes in the fluorescence of chlorophyll during photosynthesis induction. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2008; 104(2): 186–189.
[10] Cui J, Xu Z G, Di X R. Applications and prospects of light emitting diode in plant protected culture. Transactions of the CSAE, 2008; 24(8): 249–252. (in Chinese with English abstract .
[11] Solov'ev V A. Measurement of the relative spectrum flux density of radiation sources. Measurement Techniques. 1985; 28(7): 607–609.
[12] Zhao X, Ye H, Ma Y. The analysis of a high density radiation flux meter. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2008; 29(11): 1363–1369. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] Chandra M. Scattering of sunlight in the terrestrial atmosphere. Journal of Optics, 1979; 8(2): 36–40.
[14] De Packh D C. Transmission of sunlight through a uniform water-drop atmosphere. Solar Energy, 1978; 20(1): 93–95.
[15] Zhen W C, Wang X Y. Fundamentals of Meteorology and Agrometeorology. Beijing, 2006; pp.19–30.
[16] Zhang H H, Liang Y, Hu J, Liu Z D, Zhou Q Z, Fan H P. Study on rapid detection method of sunlight specific waveband intensity. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2013; 42(12): 1501–1506. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17] Zhao D Q, Zhao Z F. Application of improved robust least-square method to experimental data processing of engine. Journal of the North University of China, 2009; 30(4): 338–342. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] C Yu Z W, Cheng S G. Contrast analysis of data processing method based on the MATLAB in compaction test. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2012; 170: 611–614. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.170-173.611
[19] Gu X Q, Kang H W, Cao H X. The least-square method in complex number domain. Progress in Natural Science, 2006; 3: 307–312.
[20] Qiu H, Zhao Q H, Sun D Y, Zhu W J, Tao R Y, Qian H Z, et al. Analysis on the effect of the solar altitude angles on the euphotic depth in Lake Taihu. China Environmental Science, 2011; 31(10): 1690–1696.
[21] Liu W F, Xie Y J, Chen R W. Observation of relationship between zenith luminance and sun high angel. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2012; 39(7): 49–53. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22] You Y X. Equal hour angle method for rapid and precise simultaneous determination of astronomical time, longitude, latitude and azimuth. Scientia Sinica, 1976; 19(1): 45–64.
[23] Corrons A. Measurement of the spectral distribution of radiant energy. Optica Puray Aplicada, 1971; 4(1): 12–18.
[24] Grant R H, Slusser J R. Estimation of photosynthetic photon flux density from 368-nm spectral irradiance. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2004; 21(3): 481–487.
[25] Zhang X, Chen W G. Design of heat metering system based on MCS-51. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011; 130-134: 734–737.
[26] Thom R. Multitasking in a microcontroller, using the OS-51 operating system. Elektronik, 1990; 39(15): 50–56.
[27] Zhang H H, Yang Q, Hu J, Fan H P. Self-adaptive and precise supplementary lighting system for plant with controllable LED intensity. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011; 27(9): 153–158. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28] Han W T, Ju Y T, Wu P T, et al. Dynamic remote monitoring system for plant root growth and water consumption. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2013; 6(2): 19-27.
[29] Ye C, Ren Z K, Chen C P. Research and development of C language programming experiment assistant management platform based on hybrid architecture. Procedia Engineering, 2011; 15(8): 2932–2936. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng. 2011.08.552
[30] Ospina G A. Formalisation of C language interfaces. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 2009; 229(4): 67–84.
[31] Yaji W. Measurement and application of solar radiation spectra. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 2011.
[32] Yang X F, Liu T, Zhao Y B, Jia Y Q, Wang M W, Zhang T Q, et al. Measurement and analysis of sunlight and skylight spectra. Actascientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis, 2004; 37(4): 69–74. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0465- 7942.2004.04.014
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Published
2015-04-30
How to Cite
Liang, Y., Zhang, H., Hu, J., & Zhai, C. (2015). Sunlight multiband photon flux density detection based on PFD calculation model. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 8(2), 89–96. Retrieved from https://ijabe.migration.pkpps03.publicknowledgeproject.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/1293
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Information Technology, Sensors and Control Systems
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